Boyce John M
Infectious Diseases Section, Hospital of Saint Raphael, New Haven, USA.
J Hosp Infect. 2007 Jun;65 Suppl 2:50-4. doi: 10.1016/S0195-6701(07)60015-2.
Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are capable of surviving for days to weeks on environmental surfaces in healthcare facilities. Environmental surfaces frequently touched by healthcare workers are commonly contaminated in the rooms of patients colonized or infected with MRSA or VRE. A number of studies have documented that healthcare workers may contaminate their hands or gloves by touching contaminated environmental surfaces, and that hands or gloves become contaminated with numbers of organisms that are likely to result in transmission to patients. Pathogens may also be transferred directly from contaminated surfaces to susceptible patients. There is an increasing body of evidence that cleaning or disinfection of the environment can reduce transmission of healthcare-associated pathogens. Because routine cleaning of equipment items and other high-touch surfaces does not always remove pathogens from contaminated surfaces, improved methods of disinfecting the hospital environment are needed. Preliminary studies suggest that hydrogen peroxide vapour technology deserves further evaluation as a method for decontamination of the environment in healthcare settings.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和耐万古霉素肠球菌（VRE）能够在医疗机构的环境表面存活数天至数周。医护人员经常接触的环境表面在定植或感染MRSA或VRE的患者房间中通常受到污染。多项研究表明，医护人员接触受污染的环境表面可能会污染其手部或手套，并且手部或手套会被大量可能导致传播给患者的微生物污染。病原体也可能直接从受污染的表面传播给易感患者。越来越多的证据表明，环境清洁或消毒可减少医疗相关病原体的传播。由于对设备物品和其他高接触表面的常规清洁并不总能从受污染表面清除病原体，因此需要改进医院环境的消毒方法。初步研究表明，过氧化氢蒸汽技术作为医疗机构环境去污方法值得进一步评估。
