Koca Ilkay, Koca Ahmet F
Ondokuz Mayis of University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Samsun, Turkey.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2007 Aug;45(8):1315-8. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.04.006. Epub 2007 Apr 21.
Several plants of the Ericaceae family produce grayanotoxins which can poison humans. The best-known of these intoxications involves the eating of 'mad honey (deli bal in Turkish)' contaminated by Rhododendron nectar grayanotoxins. Accounts of mad honey intoxication date back to 401 BC. It is still one of the common food intoxications encountered for humans and livestock in Turkey. Mad honey intoxication's symptoms are dose-related. In mild form, dizziness, weakness, excessive perspiration, hypersalivation, nausea, vomiting and paresthesias are present and close follow-up is enough. However, severe intoxication may lead to life threatening cardiac complications such as complete atrioventricular block that can be treated intravenously. In this review, properties and sources of grayanotoxins, their detection methods and mad honey intoxication are discussed.
杜鹃花科的几种植物会产生能使人中毒的灰毒素。其中最广为人知的中毒事件涉及食用被杜鹃花花蜜灰毒素污染的“疯蜜”（土耳其语为deli bal）。疯蜜中毒的记载可追溯到公元前401年。在土耳其，它仍是人类和牲畜常见的食物中毒之一。疯蜜中毒的症状与剂量有关。症状较轻时，会出现头晕、乏力、多汗、流涎过多、恶心、呕吐和感觉异常，密切观察即可。然而，严重中毒可能导致危及生命的心脏并发症，如完全性房室传导阻滞，可通过静脉注射进行治疗。在这篇综述中，将讨论灰毒素的特性、来源、检测方法以及疯蜜中毒。
