Knudson Duane
Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Chico, CA 95929-0330, USA.
Sports Biomech. 2007 Jan;6(1):109-18. doi: 10.1080/14763140601062567.
Many aspects of human movements in sport can be readily understood by Newtonian rigid-body mechanics. Many of these laws and biomechanical principles, however, are counterintuitive to a lot of people. There are also several problems in the application of biomechanics to sports, so the application of biomechanics in the qualitative analysis of sport skills by many coaches has been limited. Biomechanics scholars have long been interested in developing principles that facilitate the qualitative application of biomechanics to improve movement performance and reduce the risk of injury. This paper summarizes the major North American efforts to establish a set of general biomechanical principles of movement, and illustrates how principles can be used to improve the application of biomechanics in the qualitative analysis of sport technique. A coach helping a player with a tennis serve is presented as an example. The standardization of terminology for biomechanical principles is proposed as an important first step in improving the application ofbiomechanics in sport. There is also a need for international cooperation and research on the effectiveness of applying biomechanical principles in the coaching of sport techniques.
体育运动中人体运动的许多方面都可以通过牛顿刚体力学轻松理解。然而，这些定律和生物力学原理中的许多对很多人来说都是违反直觉的。生物力学在体育应用中也存在几个问题，因此许多教练在将生物力学应用于运动技能的定性分析方面受到了限制。长期以来，生物力学学者一直致力于制定一些原则，以促进生物力学的定性应用，从而提高运动表现并降低受伤风险。本文总结了北美在建立一套通用运动生物力学原理方面的主要努力，并说明了这些原理如何用于改进生物力学在运动技术定性分析中的应用。以一位教练帮助一名球员进行网球发球为例。提出生物力学原理术语的标准化是改善生物力学在体育中应用的重要第一步。在运动技术指导中应用生物力学原理的有效性方面，也需要进行国际合作与研究。
