Grella Christine E, Greenwell Lisa
UCLA Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, NPI-Semel Institute for Neuroscience, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA.
Womens Health Issues. 2007 Jul-Aug;17(4):244-55. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2006.11.005. Epub 2007 Jun 4.
Women offenders with substance abuse problems typically have many treatment needs on reentry to the community from prison. This paper explores the correlates of treatment needs among a sample of women offenders with substance-abuse problems (n = 1,404), and the relationship between their treatment needs and other background characteristics with completion of community-based treatment after parole.
Treatment needs were assessed at admission into prison-based substance abuse treatment; participants were admitted into community-based treatment upon parole. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression were used to examine their treatment needs; logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors related to completion of the aftercare program. Analysis of variance was used to examine ethnic differences in treatment needs.
Greater treatment needs were associated with unstable housing before incarceration, a history of sexual or physical abuse, mental health problems, alcohol or drug dependence, and first arrest at age <19; lower treatment needs were associated with having been mandated to prison-based treatment (versus volunteering). Mental health problems and earlier age at first arrest predicted treatment noncompletion. Drug dependence was associated with higher treatment needs and a greater likelihood of treatment completion, whereas African American and Hispanic ethnicity were both associated with lower treatment needs (compared with Whites) and a lower likelihood of treatment completion.
Interventions are needed to engage substance-abusing women offenders in community treatment after parole to address their treatment needs, improve their retention in treatment, and reduce the likelihood of recidivism.
有药物滥用问题的女性罪犯在从监狱重返社区时通常有许多治疗需求。本文探讨了有药物滥用问题的女性罪犯样本（n = 1404）中治疗需求的相关因素，以及她们的治疗需求与其他背景特征之间的关系，以及假释后基于社区的治疗完成情况。
在进入监狱药物滥用治疗时评估治疗需求；参与者在假释后进入基于社区的治疗。使用描述性统计和多元回归来检查她们的治疗需求；使用逻辑回归分析来确定与后续照护计划完成相关的因素。使用方差分析来检查治疗需求的种族差异。
更高的治疗需求与入狱前住房不稳定、性虐待或身体虐待史、心理健康问题、酒精或药物依赖以及19岁前首次被捕有关；较低的治疗需求与被强制接受监狱治疗（相对于自愿接受）有关。心理健康问题和首次被捕的较早年龄预示着治疗未完成。药物依赖与更高的治疗需求和更高的治疗完成可能性相关，而非裔美国人和西班牙裔种族均与较低的治疗需求（与白人相比）和较低的治疗完成可能性相关。
需要采取干预措施，使有药物滥用问题的女性罪犯在假释后参与社区治疗，以满足她们的治疗需求，提高她们在治疗中的留存率，并降低再犯的可能性。
