Vavilin V A, Fernandez B, Palatsi J, Flotats X
Water Problems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
Waste Manag. 2008;28(6):939-51. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2007.03.028. Epub 2007 Jun 4.
The applicability of different kinetics to the hydrolysis of particulate organic material in anaerobic digestion is discussed. Hydrolysis has traditionally been modelled according to the first-order kinetics. For complex substrate, the first-order kinetics should be modified in order to take into account hardly degradable material. It has been shown that models in which hydrolysis is coupled to the growth of hydrolytic bacteria work well at high or at fluctuant organic loading. In particular, the surface-related two-phase and the Contois models showed good fits to experimental data from a wide range of organic waste. Both models tend to the first-order kinetics at a high biomass-to-waste ratio and, for this reason, they can be considered as more general models. Examples on different inhibition processes that might affect the degradation of solid waste are reported. Acetogenesis or methanogenesis might be the rate-limiting stages in complex waste. In such cases, stimulation of hydrolysis (mechanically, chemically or biologically) may lead to a further inhibition of these stages, which ultimately affects hydrolysis as well. Since the hydrolysis process is characterized by surface and transport phenomena, new developments in spatially distributed models are considered fundamental to provide new insights in this complex process.
讨论了不同动力学在厌氧消化中颗粒有机物质水解方面的适用性。传统上，水解是根据一级动力学进行建模的。对于复杂底物，应修改一级动力学以考虑难降解物质。研究表明，将水解与水解细菌生长耦合的模型在高有机负荷或波动有机负荷下效果良好。特别是，与表面相关的两相模型和康托伊斯模型对来自各种有机废物的实验数据拟合良好。这两个模型在高生物量与废物比时都趋向于一级动力学，因此，可以将它们视为更通用的模型。报告了可能影响固体废物降解的不同抑制过程的实例。产乙酸或产甲烷可能是复杂废物中的限速阶段。在这种情况下，刺激水解（机械、化学或生物方式）可能会导致这些阶段进一步受到抑制，最终也会影响水解。由于水解过程具有表面和传输现象的特征，因此空间分布模型的新发展被认为是为这一复杂过程提供新见解的基础。
