Pedersen Mogens Theisen, Essendrop Morten, Skotte Jørgen H, Jørgensen Kurt, Schibye Bente, Fallentin Nils
Institute of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2007 Jun 1;32(13):1454-60. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e318060a5a7.
Experimental study of the effect of physical training on the reaction to sudden back loading.
To investigate the effect and sustainability of "on the job training" on the reaction to sudden back loading among employees at a geriatric ward.
Available data suggest that a delayed muscle reflex response to sudden trunk loading may increase the risk of low back injuries. We have previously shown that training may alter the response to sudden trunk loading in healthy subjects and decrease the time elapsed until stopping of the forward movement of the trunk (stopping time). Data on the possibilities of a training-induced improvement in the reflex response among workers exposed to sudden trunk loading on the job are, however, nonexistent, and there is no evidence of long-term benefits, i.e., the sustainability of a positive training effect.
The study included 23 participants and 14 controls. All were healthy without prior history of low back pain (LBP). The training group participated in a total of 18 training sessions during a 9-week period. The training focused on reactions to a variety of sudden trunk loadings. Before and after the training intervention and at a 1-year follow-up, all subjects were tested for their reaction to expected and unexpected sudden trunk loading by applying a horizontal force of 58 N to the upper back of the subjects and measuring the electromyographic (EMG) response from the erector spinae muscles.
In the training group, the stopping time and the distance moved after unexpected sudden trunk loading decreased significantly (13%-19%, P = 0.02). The improved stopping time was associated with marked changes in the time-wise distribution of the EMG signal after training. In addition, the follow-up study showed a high sustainability of the training effect.
The results demonstrated a training-induced improvement of the response to sudden trunk loading that may be beneficial in workers, such as nurses, who are exposed to sudden trunk perturbations during patient handling.
关于体育锻炼对突然背部负重反应影响的实验研究。
探讨“在职培训”对老年病房员工突然背部负重反应的影响及可持续性。
现有数据表明，对突然的躯干负重延迟的肌肉反射反应可能会增加下背部受伤的风险。我们之前已经表明，训练可能会改变健康受试者对突然躯干负重的反应，并减少躯干向前运动停止前经过的时间（停止时间）。然而，关于在工作中暴露于突然躯干负重的工人通过训练改善反射反应可能性的数据并不存在，也没有长期益处的证据，即积极训练效果的可持续性。
该研究包括23名参与者和14名对照者。所有人均健康，无既往腰痛（LBP）病史。训练组在9周内共参加了18次训练课程。训练重点是对各种突然躯干负重的反应。在训练干预前后以及1年随访时，通过对受试者上背部施加58 N的水平力并测量竖脊肌的肌电图（EMG）反应，对所有受试者进行预期和意外突然躯干负重反应测试。
在训练组中，意外突然躯干负重后的停止时间和移动距离显著减少（13%-19%，P = 0.02）。训练后停止时间的改善与EMG信号随时间分布的显著变化相关。此外，随访研究表明训练效果具有高度可持续性。
结果表明，训练可改善对突然躯干负重的反应，这可能对在护理患者过程中暴露于突然躯干扰动的工人（如护士）有益。
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