See Siao Wei, Balasubramanian Rajasekhar, Rianawati Elisabeth, Karthikeyan Sathrugnan, Streets David G
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Block E5, #02-11, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore.
Environ Sci Technol. 2007 May 15;41(10):3488-94. doi: 10.1021/es061943k.
An intensive field study was conducted in Sumatra, Indonesia, during a peat fire episode to investigate the physical and chemical characteristics of particulate emissions in peat smoke and to provide necessary data for source-receptor analyses. Ambient air sampling was carried out at three different sites located at varying distances from the peatfires to determine changes in mass and number concentrations of PM2.5 and its chemical composition (carbonaceous and nitrogenous materials, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, water-soluble inorganic and organic ions, and total and water-soluble metals). The three sites represent a rural site directly affected by the local peat combustion, a semirural site, and an urban site situated downwind of the peat fires. The mass concentration of PM2.5 and the number concentration of airborne particles were as high as 1600 microg/m3 and 1.7 x 10(5) cm(-3), respectively, in the vicinity of peat fires. The major components of PM2.5 in peat smoke haze were carbonaceous particles, particularly organic carbon, NO3-, and SO4(2-), while the less abundant constituents included ions such as NH4+, NO2-, Na+, K+, organic acids, and metals such as Al, Fe, and Ti. Source apportionment by chemical mass balance receptor modeling indicates that peat smoke can travel long distances and significantly affect the air quality at locations downwind.
在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛泥炭火灾期间开展了一项密集的实地研究，以调查泥炭烟雾中颗粒物排放的物理和化学特性，并为源-受体分析提供必要数据。在距离泥炭火灾不同距离的三个不同地点进行了环境空气采样，以确定PM2.5的质量浓度和数量浓度变化及其化学成分（含碳和含氮物质、多环芳烃、水溶性无机和有机离子以及总金属和水溶性金属）。这三个地点分别代表了一个直接受当地泥炭燃烧影响的农村地点、一个半农村地点和一个位于泥炭火灾下风处的城市地点。在泥炭火灾附近，PM2.5的质量浓度和空气中颗粒物的数量浓度分别高达1600微克/立方米和1.7×10⁵厘米⁻³。泥炭烟雾霾中PM2.5的主要成分是含碳颗粒，尤其是有机碳、NO₃⁻和SO₄²⁻，而含量较少的成分包括NH₄⁺、NO₂⁻、Na⁺、K⁺等离子以及Al、Fe和Ti等金属。通过化学质量平衡受体模型进行的源解析表明，泥炭烟雾可以远距离传播，并对下风处的空气质量产生显著影响。
