个体的食物中ω-3脂肪酸摄入量（总量、亚麻酸、长链）及其血压：INTERMAP研究。
Food omega-3 fatty acid intake of individuals (total, linolenic acid, long-chain) and their blood pressure: INTERMAP study.
作者信息
Ueshima Hirotsugu, Stamler Jeremiah, Elliott Paul, Chan Queenie, Brown Ian J, Carnethon Mercedes R, Daviglus Martha L, He Ka, Moag-Stahlberg Alicia, Rodriguez Beatriz L, Steffen Lyn M, Van Horn Linda, Yarnell John, Zhou Beifan
机构信息
Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan.
出版信息
Hypertension. 2007 Aug;50(2):313-9. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.090720. Epub 2007 Jun 4.
Findings from short-term randomized trials indicate that dietary supplements of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PFA) lower blood pressure of hypertensive persons, but effect size in nonhypertensive individuals is small and nonsignificant. Data are lacking on food omega-3 PFA and blood pressure in general populations. The International Study of Macro- and Micro-nutrients and Blood Pressure (INTERMAP) is an international cross-sectional epidemiologic study of 4680 men and women ages 40 to 59 from 17 population-based samples in China, Japan, United Kingdom, and United States. We report associations of food omega-3 PFA intake (total, linolenic acid, long-chain) of individuals with blood pressure. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured 8 times at 4 visits. With several models to control for possible confounders (dietary, other), linear regression analyses showed inverse relationship of total omega-3 PFA from food (percent kilocalories, from four 24-hour dietary recalls) to systolic and diastolic blood pressures. With adjustment for 17 variables, estimated systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure differences with 2 standard deviation higher (0.67% kcal) omega-3 PFA were -0.55/-0.57 mm Hg (Z-score -1.33, -2.00); for 2238 persons without medical or dietary intervention, -1.01/-0.98 mm Hg (Z -1.63, -2.25); for 2038 nonhypertensive persons from this sub-cohort, -0.91/-0.92 mm Hg (Z -1.80, -2.38). For linolenic acid (largely from vegetable foods), blood pressure differences were similar, eg, for the 2238 "nonintervened" individuals, -0.97/-0.87 mm Hg (Z -1.52, -1.95); blood pressure differences were -0.32/-0.45 mm Hg for long-chain omega-3 PFA (largely from fish). In summary, food omega-3 PFA intake related inversely to blood pressure, including in nonhypertensive persons, with small estimated effect size. Food omega-3 PFA may contribute to prevention and control of adverse blood pressure levels.
短期随机试验的结果表明，补充ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PFA）可降低高血压患者的血压，但对非高血压个体的降压效果较小且无统计学意义。关于普通人群中食物ω-3 PFA与血压关系的数据尚缺乏。国际宏量和微量营养素与血压研究（INTERMAP）是一项国际横断面流行病学研究，涉及来自中国、日本、英国和美国17个基于人群样本的4680名年龄在40至59岁之间的男性和女性。我们报告了个体食物ω-3 PFA摄入量（总量、亚麻酸、长链）与血压之间的关联。在4次访视中对收缩压和舒张压进行了8次测量。通过多种模型控制可能的混杂因素（饮食、其他因素），线性回归分析显示，来自食物的总ω-3 PFA（占千卡百分比，根据4次24小时饮食回忆得出）与收缩压和舒张压呈负相关。在对17个变量进行调整后，ω-3 PFA摄入量高出2个标准差（0.67%千卡）时，估计的收缩压/舒张压差异为-0.55/-0.57 mmHg（Z分数为-1.33，-2.00）；对于2238名未接受医疗或饮食干预的人，差异为-1.01/-0.98 mmHg（Z值为-1.63，-2.25）；对于该亚组中的2038名非高血压患者，差异为-0.91/-0.92 mmHg（Z值为-1.80，-2.38）。对于亚麻酸（主要来自植物性食物），血压差异相似，例如，对于2238名“未干预”个体，差异为-0.97/-0.87 mmHg（Z值为-1.52，-1.95）；长链ω-3 PFA（主要来自鱼类）的血压差异为-0.32/-0.45 mmHg。总之，食物ω-3 PFA摄入量与血压呈负相关，包括在非高血压人群中，估计的效应量较小。食物ω-3 PFA可能有助于预防和控制不良血压水平。
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