Miura Katsuyuki, Stamler Jeremiah, Nakagawa Hideaki, Elliott Paul, Ueshima Hirotsugu, Chan Queenie, Brown Ian J, Tzoulaki Ioanna, Saitoh Shigeyuki, Dyer Alan R, Daviglus Martha L, Kesteloot Hugo, Okayama Akira, Curb J David, Rodriguez Beatriz L, Elmer Patricia J, Steffen Lyn M, Robertson Claire, Zhao Liancheng
Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan.
Hypertension. 2008 Aug;52(2):408-14. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.112383. Epub 2008 Jul 7.
Findings from observational and interventional studies on the relationship of dietary linoleic acid, the main dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid, with blood pressure have been inconsistent. The International Study of Macro-Micronutrients and Blood Pressure is an international cross-sectional epidemiological study of 4680 men and women ages 40 to 59 years from 17 population samples in China, Japan, United Kingdom, and United States. We report associations of linoleic acid intake of individuals with their blood pressure. Nutrient intake data were based on 4 in-depth multipass 24-hour dietary recalls per person and 2 timed 24-hour urine collections per person. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured 8 times at 4 visits. With several models to control for possible confounders (dietary or other), linear regression analyses showed a nonsignificant inverse relationship of linoleic acid intake (percent kilocalories) to systolic and diastolic blood pressure for all of the participants. When analyzed for 2238 "nonintervened" individuals (not on a special diet, not consuming nutritional supplements, no diagnosed cardiovascular disease or diabetes, and not taking medication for high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, or diabetes), the relationship was stronger. With adjustment for 14 variables, estimated systolic/diastolic blood pressure differences with 2-SD higher linoleic acid intake (3.77% kcal) were -1.42/-0.91 mm Hg (P<0.05 for both) for nonintervened participants. For total polyunsaturated fatty acid intake, blood pressure differences were -1.42/-0.98 mm Hg (P<0.05 for both) with 2 SD higher intake (4.04% kcal). Dietary linoleic acid intake may contribute to prevention and control of adverse blood pressure levels in general populations.
关于膳食中主要的多不饱和脂肪酸——亚油酸与血压之间关系的观察性研究和干预性研究结果并不一致。“宏量-微量营养素与血压国际研究”是一项针对来自中国、日本、英国和美国17个群体样本的4680名40至59岁男性和女性开展的国际横断面流行病学研究。我们报告了个体亚油酸摄入量与其血压之间的关联。营养摄入数据基于每人4次深入的24小时多次膳食回顾以及每人2次定时的24小时尿液收集。收缩压和舒张压在4次就诊时测量8次。通过多种模型控制可能的混杂因素（饮食或其他因素），线性回归分析显示，对于所有参与者，亚油酸摄入量（千卡百分比）与收缩压和舒张压之间存在不显著的负相关关系。当对2238名“未干预”个体（未采用特殊饮食、未服用营养补充剂、未被诊断患有心血管疾病或糖尿病，且未服用治疗高血压、心血管疾病或糖尿病的药物）进行分析时，这种关系更强。在对14个变量进行调整后，对于未干预的参与者，亚油酸摄入量高出2个标准差（3.77%千卡）时，估计的收缩压/舒张压差异为-1.42/-0.91毫米汞柱（两者P<0.05）。对于总多不饱和脂肪酸摄入量，摄入量高出2个标准差（4.04%千卡）时，血压差异为-1.42/-0.98毫米汞柱（两者P<0.05）。膳食亚油酸摄入量可能有助于预防和控制普通人群的不良血压水平。
