头部震颤和眼球震颤时的视网膜图像稳定性：违反直觉的观察结果。
Retinal image stability in head tremor and nystagmus: counterintuitive observations.
作者信息
Younge Brian R, McLaren Jay W, Brown William L
机构信息
Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
出版信息
J Neuroophthalmol. 2007 Jun;27(2):107-14. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0b013e318064e516.
BACKGROUND
Ophthalmoscopy of the fundus in a patient with head tremor is facilitated by image stability, whereas such observation of a patient with nystagmus is made difficult by image movement. Why does this occur?
METHODS
We offer an explanation of these observations and derive mathematical proofs for both direct and indirect ophthalmoscopes in various states of ametropia.
RESULTS
By means of image displacement calculations, we have created a graphical display of refractive error versus image displacement, showing zero displacement in emmetropia in head tremor and exaggerated displacement during nystagmus, regardless of the refractive status of the eye.
CONCLUSIONS
Simple optics and a mathematical proof explain the clinical observations. The image stability in the patient with head tremor and the image instability in an eye with nystagmus are the consequences of the optical system of the eye.
背景
头部震颤患者的眼底检眼镜检查因图像稳定而更易进行，而眼球震颤患者的此类观察则因图像移动而变得困难。为何会出现这种情况？
方法
我们对这些观察结果进行了解释，并针对各种屈光不正状态下的直接检眼镜和间接检眼镜进行了数学证明。
结果
通过图像位移计算，我们创建了屈光不正与图像位移的图形显示，表明无论眼睛的屈光状态如何，头部震颤的正视眼中图像位移为零，而眼球震颤时图像位移会增大。
结论
简单的光学原理和数学证明解释了这些临床观察结果。头部震颤患者的图像稳定性和眼球震颤患者眼睛中的图像不稳定性是眼睛光学系统的结果。
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