Nummela A, Keränen T, Mikkelsson L O
Research Institute for Olympic Sports, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Int J Sports Med. 2007 Aug;28(8):655-61. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-964896. Epub 2007 Jun 1.
The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationships between running mechanics, top running speed and economy in young endurance athletes. Twenty five endurance athletes (age 19.8 +/- 1.1 years, stature 1.82 +/- 0.07 m and body mass 69.4 +/- 7.5 kg) performed two separate tests on an indoor track. The first test was 8 x 30 m with increasing speed, and the second test was incremental 5 - 6 x 1,000 m. In the first test, ground reaction forces and stride characteristics were measured from each running speed. In the second test, running economy at the speed of 3.89 m . s (-1) and maximal oxygen uptake were determined. Ground contact time was the only factor which correlated significantly with both running economy (r = 0.49, p < 0.05) and maximal running speed (r = - 0.52, p < 0.01). Furthermore, maximal running speed was correlated significantly with the mass-specific horizontal force (r = 0.56, p < 0.01) but not with the vertical effective force. It is concluded that the short contact times required in economical and high speed running suggests that fast force production is important for both economical running and high top running speed in distance runners.
本研究的主要目的是调查年轻耐力运动员的跑步力学、最高跑步速度和经济性之间的关系。25名耐力运动员（年龄19.8±1.1岁，身高1.82±0.07米，体重69.4±7.5千克）在室内跑道上进行了两项独立测试。第一项测试是8次30米加速跑，第二项测试是5 - 6次递增的1000米跑。在第一项测试中，测量了每个跑步速度下的地面反作用力和步幅特征。在第二项测试中，测定了3.89米·秒（-1）速度下的跑步经济性和最大摄氧量。地面接触时间是唯一与跑步经济性（r = 0.49，p < 0.05）和最大跑步速度（r = - 0.52，p < 0.01）均显著相关的因素。此外，最大跑步速度与质量比水平力显著相关（r = 0.56，p < 0.01），但与垂直有效力无关。研究得出结论，经济高效和高速跑步所需的短接触时间表明，快速发力对于长跑运动员的经济高效跑步和高最高跑步速度都很重要。
