Hurtt M E, McCooey K T, Placke M E, Kennedy G L
Du Pont, Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, Newark, DE 19714.
Toxicol Lett. 1991 Dec;59(1-3):229-37. doi: 10.1016/0378-4274(91)90076-i.
Cynomolgus monkeys showed no measurable adverse effects following inhalation of 500 ppm dimethylformamide (DMF), 6 h/d, 5 d/wk, for 2 weeks either when exposed whole-body or head-only (one monkey per exposure route). Measurement of DMF concentrations into and out of the head-only exposure unit along with measurement of the tidal volume suggest that DMF absorption by the respiratory tract is approximately 100% at a concentration of 500 ppm. Plasma samples taken 1/2 to 18 h after the first exposure show DMF AUC values which were 3 times higher in the monkey exposed by whole-body, indicating considerable absorption by non-inhalation route(s). The same comparison of plasma samples taken following the final (10th) exposure similarly had a 6-times DMF AUC value for the monkey exposed by whole-body. From this study it is apparent that the practice of avoiding dermal contact with DMF is important in reducing the likelihood of producing DMF-induced injury in the workplace.
食蟹猴在吸入500 ppm二甲基甲酰胺（DMF），每天6小时，每周5天，持续2周后，无论是全身暴露还是仅头部暴露（每种暴露途径一只猴子），均未显示出可测量的不良反应。对仅头部暴露装置进出气口的DMF浓度进行测量，并结合潮气量测量结果表明，在500 ppm浓度下，呼吸道对DMF的吸收率约为100%。首次暴露后1/2至18小时采集的血浆样本显示，全身暴露的猴子的DMF曲线下面积（AUC）值高出3倍，这表明存在通过非吸入途径的大量吸收。在末次（第10次）暴露后采集的血浆样本进行同样比较时，全身暴露的猴子的DMF AUC值同样高出6倍。从这项研究可以明显看出，在工作场所避免皮肤接触DMF对于降低产生DMF诱导损伤的可能性非常重要。
