酒精偏好（P）、非偏好（NP）和斯普拉格-道利（SD）大鼠对乙醇和蔗糖消耗的匹配法则选择分析。
Matching law choice analyses of ethanol and sucrose consumption in alcohol-preferring (P), nonpreferring (NP), and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.
作者信息
Martinetti Margaret P, Khan Zeeshan, Lewis Michael J
机构信息
Department of Psychology, The College of New Jersey, Temple University, Ewing, New Jersey 08628-0718, USA.
出版信息
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2007 Aug;31(8):1338-48. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00428.x. Epub 2007 Jun 5.
BACKGROUND
Quantitative models of choice, such as the matching law and behavioral economics, allow for the analysis of alcohol consumption within a choice context. Such models can provide further knowledge of phenotypic differences between selected lines of rats. The current study applied the generalized matching law to the ethanol (EtOH) and sucrose consumption of alcohol-preferring (P), nonpreferring (NP), and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.
METHODS
Male P, NP, and SD rats were trained to consume increasing concentrations of EtOH and water in a limited access, 2-bottle choice procedure. The animals were then given concurrent access to pairs of differing EtOH solutions (2, 4, 6, and 10%, v/v) for 1 h/d. A subset of animals from each rat type was subsequently given access to 8% sucrose for 1 h/d for 5 days, and then concurrent access to pairs of differing sucrose solutions (3, 8, and 15%, w/v) for 1 h/d. The generalized matching law was used to assess the relationship between the relative EtOH and sucrose concentrations and the relative volumes of solutions consumed.
RESULTS
The P rats consumed more EtOH and sucrose than the NP and SD rats overall. However, only the P rats consistently consumed disproportionately greater quantities of the higher EtOH concentration than the lower one, indicating overmatching. Additionally, all 3 types of rats displayed overmatching in the sucrose choice experiment.
CONCLUSIONS
These data provide further evidence of phenotypic differences between the P rats and other types of rats, and suggest that the generalized matching law can be a useful tool for describing rats' EtOH or sucrose consumption in a 2-bottle choice, limited access paradigm.
背景
诸如匹配法则和行为经济学等选择的定量模型，允许在选择情境中分析酒精消费。此类模型可以提供关于所选品系大鼠之间表型差异的更多知识。当前研究将广义匹配法则应用于酒精偏好（P）、非偏好（NP）和斯普拉格 - 道利（SD）大鼠的乙醇（EtOH）和蔗糖消费情况。
方法
雄性P、NP和SD大鼠在限时两瓶选择程序中接受训练，以摄入浓度逐渐增加的EtOH和水。然后让动物每天同时接触不同的EtOH溶液对（2%、4%、6%和10%，v/v），持续1小时。随后，从每种大鼠类型中选取一部分动物，让其每天接触8%的蔗糖，持续5天，然后每天同时接触不同的蔗糖溶液对（3%、8%和15%，w/v），持续1小时。广义匹配法则用于评估相对EtOH和蔗糖浓度与所消耗溶液相对体积之间的关系。
结果
总体而言，P大鼠比NP和SD大鼠消耗更多的EtOH和蔗糖。然而，只有P大鼠始终不成比例地消耗更多高浓度EtOH而非低浓度EtOH，表明过度匹配。此外，在蔗糖选择实验中，所有3种类型的大鼠均表现出过度匹配。
结论
这些数据进一步证明了P大鼠与其他类型大鼠之间的表型差异，并表明广义匹配法则可以成为描述大鼠在两瓶选择、限时获取范式下EtOH或蔗糖消费的有用工具。
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