McGarry J W, Ortiz P L, Hodgkinson J E, Goreish I, Williams D J L
Veterinary Parasitology Research Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2007 Jul;101(5):415-21. doi: 10.1179/136485907X176508.
The zoonotic liver flukes Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica co-exist in parts of Africa and Asia. The two species have similar life-cycles but different transmission characteristics. Although the identification of adult Fasciola to species level is traditionally based on differences in size and shape, recent studies have demonstrated this method to be unreliable. Species of Fasciola can be distinguished by staining and comparing the morpho-anatomy of the gut and ovaries or by iso-enzyme analysis but such approaches are time-consuming and require specialist skills. Two primer sets, based on RAPD-derived sequences from English F. hepatica and Ghanaian F. gigantica, can now be used, in two separate PCR, to distinguish F. hepatica from F. gigantica. When the PCR were used to investigate 10 flukes (five from the U.K. and five from Peru) morpho-anatomically identified as F. hepatica and 10 (five from Ghana and five from Sudan) morpho-anatomically identified as F. gigantica, all 20 flukes were correctly identified to species level. The PCR were validated using 175 flukes collected, over a 12-year period, from different countries and both cattle and sheep.
人兽共患肝吸虫肝片吸虫和巨片吸虫在非洲和亚洲部分地区共存。这两个物种具有相似的生命周期，但传播特征不同。虽然传统上根据大小和形状的差异将成年肝吸虫鉴定到物种水平，但最近的研究表明这种方法不可靠。肝吸虫物种可以通过对肠道和卵巢的形态解剖进行染色和比较或通过同工酶分析来区分，但这些方法耗时且需要专业技能。现在可以使用两组基于来自英国肝片吸虫和加纳巨片吸虫的RAPD衍生序列的引物，在两个单独的PCR中区分肝片吸虫和巨片吸虫。当使用PCR对10条形态解剖学上鉴定为肝片吸虫的吸虫（5条来自英国，5条来自秘鲁）和10条形态解剖学上鉴定为巨片吸虫的吸虫（5条来自加纳，5条来自苏丹）进行调查时，所有20条吸虫都被正确鉴定到物种水平。使用在12年期间从不同国家以及牛和羊身上收集的175条吸虫对PCR进行了验证。
