Kanerva Mari, Ollgren Jukka, Lyytikäinen Outi
Finnish Hospital Infection Program (SIRO), National Public Health Institute, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, and Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2007 Aug;60(2):440-4. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkm194. Epub 2007 Jun 5.
In Finland, use of antimicrobials in ambulatory care is moderate, but some reports suggest that hospital use is higher than in other European countries. We evaluated the amount and type of antimicrobials administered in Finnish acute care hospitals.
We analysed data collected in the national prevalence survey of nosocomial infections (NIs) during February-March 2005 in all tertiary care, all secondary care and 25% of other acute care hospitals. All inpatients present on the study day in acute care wards for adults were included (n=8234). The names and use-days of antimicrobials in Anatomical Therapeutic Class groups J01-J05 were collected on the study day and retrospectively for the previous 6 days.
On the study day, 39% of patients had received at least one, 14% at least two and 3% at least three antimicrobials; patients with NI represented 21%, 29% and 45% of these groups, respectively. The prevalence of patients receiving any antimicrobial was 53% in intensive care patients and varied in other specialties from 0% in ophthalmology to 63% in dental and oral surgery. Within a 7 day period, the total use of antibacterial agents (J01) was 64 use-days per 100 patient-days. Cephalosporins were the most frequently used antimicrobials, followed by quinolones and metronidazole.
The prevalence and spectrum of antimicrobial use in Finnish acute care hospitals were high. NI patients contributed markedly to the total usage. The NI survey with a 7 day data collection period provided insights into the use-density of antimicrobials.
在芬兰，门诊抗菌药物的使用较为适度，但一些报告表明，医院的使用量高于其他欧洲国家。我们评估了芬兰急症医院抗菌药物的使用量和类型。
我们分析了2005年2月至3月期间在所有三级护理、所有二级护理以及25%的其他急症医院进行的全国医院感染患病率调查收集的数据。纳入了研究日当天在成人急症病房的所有住院患者（n = 8234）。在研究日收集并回顾前6天按解剖治疗学分类组J01 - J05使用的抗菌药物名称和使用天数。
在研究日，39%的患者至少接受了一种抗菌药物，14%的患者至少接受了两种，3%的患者至少接受了三种抗菌药物；医院感染患者分别占这些组的21%、29%和45%。重症监护患者中接受任何抗菌药物的患病率为53%，其他专科的患病率从眼科的0%到牙科和口腔外科的63%不等。在7天期间，抗菌药物（J01）的总使用量为每100患者日64使用天。头孢菌素是最常用的抗菌药物，其次是喹诺酮类和甲硝唑。
芬兰急症医院抗菌药物的使用患病率和范围较高。医院感染患者对总使用量有显著贡献。为期7天的数据收集期的医院感染调查提供了对抗菌药物使用密度的见解。
