Funke G, Matthews G, Warm J S, Emo A K
Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA.
Ergonomics. 2007 Aug;50(8):1302-23. doi: 10.1080/00140130701318830.
The present study addressed the effects of stress, vehicle automation and subjective state on driver performance and mood in a simulated driving task. A total of 168 college students participated. Participants in the stress-induction condition completed a 'winter' drive, which included periodic loss of control episodes. Participants in the no-stress-induction condition were not exposed to loss of control. An additional, independent manipulation of vehicle speed was also conducted, consisting of two control conditions requiring manual speed regulation and a third in which vehicle speed was automatically regulated by the simulation. Stress and automation both influenced subjective distress, but the two factors did not interact. Driver performance data indicated that vehicle automation impacted performance similarly in the stress and no-stress conditions. Individual differences in subjective stress response and performance were also investigated. Resource theory provides a framework that partially but not completely explains the relationship between vehicle automation and driver stress. Implications for driver workload, safety and training are discussed.
本研究探讨了压力、车辆自动化和主观状态对模拟驾驶任务中驾驶员表现和情绪的影响。共有168名大学生参与。处于压力诱导条件下的参与者完成了一次“冬季”驾驶，其中包括周期性的失控情节。处于无压力诱导条件下的参与者未经历失控情况。还对车速进行了一项额外的独立操控，包括两个需要手动调节车速的控制条件以及第三个车速由模拟自动调节的条件。压力和自动化都影响了主观痛苦，但这两个因素没有相互作用。驾驶员表现数据表明，在有压力和无压力条件下，车辆自动化对表现的影响相似。还研究了主观压力反应和表现的个体差异。资源理论提供了一个框架，部分但不完全解释了车辆自动化与驾驶员压力之间的关系。讨论了对驾驶员工作量、安全性和培训的影响。
