El-Bastawissi Amira Y, Peters Riley, Sasseen Kristin, Bell Tom, Manolopoulos Rebecca
Washington State Department of Health, Offices of Community Wellness & Prevention and Epidemiology, Tumwater, Washington, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2007 Nov;11(6):611-21. doi: 10.1007/s10995-007-0212-5. Epub 2007 Jun 12.
We determined the effect of the Washington State Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) on adverse pregnancy outcomes.
We used a record-linkage retrospective cohort design. We matched records of eligible women who enrolled in Washington WIC from 9/1/1999-12/31/2000 to records of their subsequent birth/fetal death from the Washington State Department of Health to determine their pregnancy outcome between 9/1/1999-10/15/2001 (N = 42,495). We selected comparison women from birth/fetal death records who were WIC-eligible but not on WIC (N = 30,751). We used unconditional logistic regression for analysis.
WIC was protective for preterm delivery depending on history of abortion and adequacy of prenatal care, being most protective for women with abortion and inadequate prenatal care (Odds ratio (OR) = 0.4; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.3-0.5). WIC was protective for low birth weight depending on women's cervical health, with most protection conferred to those with incompetent cervix (OR = 0.2; 95% CI = 0.1-0.6). WIC was protective for fetal death depending on women's education, being most protective to those with <12 years of education (OR = 0.2; 95% CI = 0.1-0.3).
WIC is protective for adverse pregnancy outcomes especially for high risk women.
我们确定了华盛顿州妇女、婴儿和儿童特别补充营养计划（WIC）对不良妊娠结局的影响。
我们采用了记录链接回顾性队列设计。我们将1999年9月1日至2000年12月31日在华盛顿WIC登记的符合条件妇女的记录与华盛顿州卫生部随后的出生/胎儿死亡记录进行匹配，以确定她们在1999年9月1日至2001年10月15日期间的妊娠结局（N = 42,495）。我们从符合WIC条件但未参加WIC的出生/胎儿死亡记录中选择对照妇女（N = 30,751）。我们使用无条件逻辑回归进行分析。
根据流产史和产前护理的充分程度，WIC对早产有保护作用，对有流产史和产前护理不足的妇女保护作用最大（优势比（OR）= 0.4；95%置信区间（CI）= 0.3 - 0.5）。根据妇女的宫颈健康状况，WIC对低出生体重有保护作用，对宫颈机能不全的妇女保护作用最大（OR = 0.2；95% CI = 0.1 - 0.6）。根据妇女的教育程度，WIC对胎儿死亡有保护作用，对教育年限<12年的妇女保护作用最大（OR = 0.2；95% CI = 0.1 - 0.3）。
WIC对不良妊娠结局有保护作用，尤其是对高危妇女。
