Altun Lokman, Baskent Emin Zeki, Gunlu Alkan, Kadiogullari Ali Ihsan
Faculty of Forestry, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
Environ Monit Assess. 2008 Feb;137(1-3):149-61. doi: 10.1007/s10661-007-9735-x. Epub 2007 Jun 13.
The productivity of forest sites has been indirectly determined with solo wood production objective in forest management. Forest site productivity should, however, be determined directly in order to implement ecosystem based multipurpose forest management philosophy. This article tackles the problem in distinguishing and mapping forest sites using both direct method and indirect method in Genya Mountain located in central of Artvin State Forest Enterprise. About 112 sample plots were designed and distributed over the area. In each sample plot, soil samples were collected and the classical timber inventory measurements were taken. According to direct method, Soil Moisture Regime (SMR) method is preferred due to a water deficiency in the study area. Water holding capacity was used as an essential criterion for the classification of the forest site. Forest site classifications were assigned regarding the physiographic factors such as landform, aspect, and slope. Five different forest sites classes; dry, moderate fresh, fresh, humid and hygric were determined. According to direct method, the guiding curve was used to generate anamorphic site index (SI) equations and three site index classes; good (SI=I-II), medium (SI=III) and low (SI=IV-V) were determined. Some important differences between the methods were realized. The forest sites determined with site index estimation method indicate that site index I and II is 505.99 ha, III 1095.79 ha and IV and V 992.95 ha, whereas forest sites determined with direct method related to dry site of 937.58 ha, moderate fresh site of 931.90 ha, fresh site of 1,797.71 ha, humid site of 80.48 ha and hygric site of 356.55 ha. The forest site maps of both methods were created using GIS functions. The forest sites of open and degraded areas should be determined according to direct method.
在森林经营中，森林立地生产力一直是基于单一木材生产目标间接确定的。然而，为了实施基于生态系统的多用途森林经营理念，森林立地生产力应直接确定。本文探讨了在阿尔特温国营森林企业中部的根亚山，使用直接法和间接法区分和绘制森林立地的问题。在该区域设计并分布了约112个样地。在每个样地中，采集土壤样本并进行传统的木材清查测量。根据直接法，由于研究区域缺水，首选土壤水分状况（SMR）法。持水量被用作森林立地分类的重要标准。根据地形、坡向和坡度等地形因素进行森林立地分类。确定了五个不同的森林立地类别：干燥、中度湿润、湿润、潮湿和过湿。根据直接法，使用指导曲线生成变形地位指数（SI）方程，并确定了三个地位指数类别：良好（SI = I-II）、中等（SI = III）和低等（SI = IV-V）。发现了这些方法之间的一些重要差异。用地位指数估计法确定的森林立地表明，地位指数I和II为505.99公顷，III为1095.79公顷，IV和V为992.95公顷，而用直接法确定的森林立地中，干燥立地为937.58公顷，中度湿润立地为931.90公顷，湿润立地为1797.71公顷，潮湿立地为80.48公顷，过湿立地为356.55公顷。两种方法的森林立地地图均使用GIS功能制作。开阔和退化区域的森林立地应根据直接法确定。
