Phillips Christine B, Benson Jill
Social Foundations of Medicine, Medical School, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Australian National University, Australia.
Aust Fam Physician. 2007 Jun;36(6):440-2, 444.
Many newly arrived refugees come from countries with fragile primary health infrastructure. As a result they may have had patchy primary immunisation against vaccine preventable diseases.
This article outlines key considerations in developing an effective catch up immunisation program for refugees.
The potential challenges include knowing which vaccines to give to provide catch up vaccination, access to appropriate vaccines through public health units, and adequate follow up to support completion of immunisation courses. The most useful immunisations for adolescent and adult refugees are adult diphtheria/tetanus, measles/mumps/rubella, inactivated polio, and hepatitis B vaccines. Immunisation programs for refugees require cooperation between primary health care practitioners and health policy makers to ensure that good primary health care is available to the most vulnerable groups arriving in Australia.
许多新抵达的难民来自基层医疗卫生基础设施薄弱的国家。因此，他们可能未全面接种预防疫苗可预防疾病的疫苗。
本文概述了为难民制定有效的补种免疫计划的关键考虑因素。
潜在挑战包括确定进行补种接种应接种哪些疫苗、通过公共卫生单位获取合适疫苗以及进行充分随访以支持完成免疫疗程。对青少年和成年难民最有用的免疫接种是成人白喉/破伤风、麻疹/腮腺炎/风疹、灭活脊髓灰质炎和乙型肝炎疫苗。难民免疫计划需要基层医疗从业者和卫生政策制定者之间的合作，以确保为抵达澳大利亚的最弱势群体提供良好的基层医疗服务。
