Clark Louise, Clutton R Eddie, Blissitt Karen J, Chase-Topping Margo E
Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Roslin, Midlothian, UK.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2008 Jan;35(1):22-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2007.00350.x. Epub 2007 Jun 12.
To investigate the effects of peri-operative morphine on the quality and duration of recovery from halothane anaesthesia in horses.
Prospective randomized study.
Twenty-two client owned horses, ASA category I or II.
Horses undergoing elective surgical procedures were divided into two groups and paired according to procedure, body position during surgery, body mass and breed. Group M+ received morphine by intravenous injection (0.15 mg kg(-1)) before induction of anaesthesia and then by infusion (0.1 mg kg(-1) hour(-1)) during anaesthesia. Group M- received the same anaesthetic agents except that morphine was excluded. At the end of surgery, the horses were placed in a recovery box and allowed to recover without assistance. Recoveries were recorded on videotape, beginning when the anaesthetist left the recovery box, and ending when the horse stood up. Recoveries were assessed from digital video recordings by three observers, unaware of treatment. The time to first movement, attempting and attaining sternal recumbency and standing were recorded. The quality of various aspects of the recovery was assessed to produce a total recovery score; high numerical values indicate poor recoveries. The duration of anaesthesia and the total dose of morphine administered were recorded.
The mean morphine dose (95% CI) was 147 (135-160) mg [equivalent to 0.27 (0.25-0.29) mg kg(-1)]. The recovery scores (median, 95% CI) for the M- and M+ groups were 25, 19-41 and 20, 14-26, respectively. Total score increased as duration of anaesthesia increased, independent of treatment. Untreated (M-) horses made more attempts to achieve sternal recumbency: mean number of attempts (95% CI) for M- was 4.5 (2.7-6.2) compared with 2.0 (1.4-2.6) (M+). Untreated horses made more attempts to stand (2.1, 1.6-2.6) compared with the morphine recipients (1.3, 1.1-1.5). Time to standing (in minutes) was significantly (p = 0.0146) longer for the untreated (31.3, 24.3-38.3) compared with treated animals (26.6, 20.9-32.3). The interval between the first movement in recovery to the time at standing was significantly (p < 0.001) longer for M- (14.5, 12.1-16.9 minutes) compared with M+ animals (7.4, 5.0-9.8 minutes).
Recoveries from anaesthesia in the morphine recipients were characterized by fewer attempts to attain sternal recumbency and standing, and a shorter time from the first recovery movement to the time of standing.
研究围手术期吗啡对马匹氟烷麻醉恢复质量及恢复时间的影响。
前瞻性随机研究。
22匹客户拥有的马匹，ASA分级为I级或II级。
接受择期外科手术的马匹根据手术、手术时体位、体重和品种分为两组并配对。M+组在麻醉诱导前静脉注射吗啡（0.15 mg·kg⁻¹），然后在麻醉期间持续输注（0.1 mg·kg⁻¹·小时⁻¹）。M-组接受相同的麻醉剂，但不使用吗啡。手术结束时，将马匹置于恢复箱中，使其在无辅助的情况下恢复。从麻醉师离开恢复箱开始，到马匹站立时结束，恢复过程被录制在录像带上。由三名不知治疗情况的观察者通过数字视频记录评估恢复情况。记录首次移动、尝试并达到胸卧姿势和站立的时间。评估恢复各方面的质量以得出总恢复分数；数值越高表明恢复越差。记录麻醉持续时间和吗啡给药总量。
吗啡平均剂量（95%可信区间）为147（135 - 160）mg[相当于0.27（0.25 - 0.29）mg·kg⁻¹]。M-组和M+组的恢复分数（中位数，95%可信区间）分别为25（19 - 41）和20（14 - 26）。总分随麻醉持续时间增加而增加，与治疗无关。未治疗（M-）的马匹为达到胸卧姿势进行的尝试更多：M-组平均尝试次数（95%可信区间）为4.5（2.7 - 6.2）次，而M+组为2.0（1.4 - 2.6）次。未治疗的马匹站立尝试次数更多（2.1，1.6 - 2.6次），而接受吗啡治疗的马匹为（1.3，1.1 - 1.5次）。未治疗的马匹站立时间（分钟）明显（p = 0.0146）长于治疗组动物（31.3，24.3 - 38.3分钟）与（26.6，20.9 - 32.3分钟）。与M+组动物（7.4，5.0 - 9.8分钟）相比，M-组从恢复中的首次移动到站立的间隔时间明显更长（p < 0.001）（14.5，12.1 - 16.9分钟）。
接受吗啡治疗的马匹麻醉恢复的特点是达到胸卧姿势和站立的尝试次数减少，以及从首次恢复移动到站立的时间缩短。
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