Uslu Runa, Oztop Didem, Ozcan Ozlem, Yilmaz Savaş, Berberoğlu Merih, Adiyaman Pelin, Cakmak Murat, Kerimoğlu Efser, Ocal Gönül
Cocuk Ruh Sağliği ve Hastaliklari, Ankara U Tip Fak., Ankara.
Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2007 Summer;18(2):100-8.
The effect of parental rearing on gender identity development in children with ambiguous genitalia remains controversial. The present study aimed to address this issue by investigating the factors that may be associated with sex of rearing in children with male pseudohermaphroditism.
The study included 56 children with male pseudohermaphroditism that were consecutively referred to a child psychiatry outpatient clinic. At the time of referral the age range of the sample was 6 months-14 years; 28 children had been raised as boys and 28 as girls. Demographic and biological information was obtained from patient charts. An intersex history interview was administered to the children and parents, whereas The Gender Identity Interview and the Draw-A-Person Test were administered only to the children. The children were observed during free play. Comparisons of biological, psychological and social variables were made with respect to gender of rearing.
More children reared as boys were younger at time of referral, belonged to extended families, and had higher Prader scores. Although children's gender roles were appropriate for their gender of rearing, findings of the Gender Identity Interview and the Draw-A-Person Test suggested that some of the girls presented with a male or neutral gender self-perception.
The relationships between age at the time of problem identification, age at the time of diagnosis, and gender of rearing indicate the importance of taking measures to ensure that the intersex condition is identified at birth and children are referred for early diagnosis, gender assignment, and treatment.
父母养育方式对两性畸形儿童性别认同发展的影响仍存在争议。本研究旨在通过调查可能与男性假两性畸形患儿抚养性别相关的因素来解决这一问题。
该研究纳入了连续转诊至儿童精神病门诊的56例男性假两性畸形患儿。转诊时样本年龄范围为6个月至14岁；28名儿童被当作男孩抚养，28名被当作女孩抚养。从患者病历中获取人口统计学和生物学信息。对患儿及其父母进行了两性畸形病史访谈，而性别认同访谈和画人测验仅对患儿进行。在自由玩耍期间观察这些儿童。就抚养性别对生物学、心理和社会变量进行了比较。
更多被当作男孩抚养的患儿在转诊时年龄较小，来自大家庭，且普拉德评分较高。尽管儿童的性别角色与其抚养性别相符，但性别认同访谈和画人测验的结果表明，一些女孩表现出男性或中性的性别自我认知。
问题识别时的年龄、诊断时的年龄与抚养性别的关系表明，采取措施确保在出生时识别两性畸形状况，并将患儿转诊进行早期诊断、性别指定和治疗非常重要。
