Firooz A, Amin-Nejad R, Bouzari N, Nafar M, Firoozan A, Mahdavi-Mazdeh M
Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2007 Jul;21(6):754-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2006.02059.x.
Kidney transplant recipients (KTR) are at increased risk of developing skin cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of KTRs regarding skin cancer after transplantation and to identify the role of education in motivating these patients to practice sun-protective behaviours.
Two hundred and fifty KTRs in a referral hospital were interviewed using a questionnaire. All patients received a skin cancer information booklet after completion of the questionnaire. Six months later, these patients were invited and interviewed again about their skin cancer-prevention practices.
The patients consisted of 153 men and 97 women patients with a mean age of 35.9 +/- 14.2 years and mean of 49.7 +/- 53.1 months after their transplantation. A total of 102 patients (40.8%) mentioned receiving skin care advice after transplantation. Nonetheless, the majority of patients did not have appropriate skin cancer-prevention practices. Patients who had received advice on skin care after transplantation were significantly more likely to do skin self-examination (chi-squared test; P < 0.001) and have less sun exposure daily (Mann-Whitney test; P = 0.019) than those who did not. Half of the patients (125 patients) participated in the second part of the study 6 months after the first interview and providing skin care instruction booklet. Although regular skin self-examination and sunscreen use was significantly increased (P = 0.006 and P = 0.001, respectively), but daily sun exposure was not changed significantly (P = 0.64).
Post-transplantation education does not necessarily lead to patients' awareness about their increased risk of skin cancer, and subsequent motivation to practice effective sun protection. Health professionals and dermatologists in particular need to establish better methods of dissemination of information, repeatedly and at the proper time.
肾移植受者（KTR）患皮肤癌的风险增加。本研究的目的是评估KTR在移植后对皮肤癌的知识、态度和行为，并确定教育在促使这些患者采取防晒行为方面的作用。
使用问卷对一家转诊医院的250名KTR进行访谈。所有患者在完成问卷后都收到了一本皮肤癌信息手册。六个月后，邀请这些患者再次接受访谈，询问他们预防皮肤癌的行为。
患者包括153名男性和97名女性，平均年龄为35.9±14.2岁，移植后平均时间为49.7±53.1个月。共有102名患者（40.8%）提到在移植后接受了皮肤护理建议。尽管如此，大多数患者没有采取适当的皮肤癌预防措施。与未接受移植后皮肤护理建议的患者相比，接受过此类建议的患者进行皮肤自我检查的可能性显著更高（卡方检验；P<0.001），且每日日照时间更少（曼-惠特尼检验；P=0.019）。一半的患者（125名患者）在第一次访谈并提供皮肤护理指导手册6个月后参与了研究的第二部分。尽管定期皮肤自我检查和使用防晒霜的情况显著增加（分别为P=0.006和P=0.001），但每日日照时间没有显著变化（P=0.64）。
移植后教育不一定能使患者意识到自身患皮肤癌风险增加，以及随后促使他们采取有效的防晒措施。卫生专业人员，尤其是皮肤科医生，特别需要建立更好的信息传播方法，在适当的时候反复进行传播。
