Buller D B, Callister M A, Reichert T
Behavioral Sciences Program, University of Arizona's Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, USA.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 1995 Nov-Dec;22(10):1559-66.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To describe and evaluate parents' skin cancer prevention knowledge, sun-protection practices for themselves and their children, and use of health information sources.
Cross-sectional survey.
A medium-sized (population 700,000) metropolitan area in the southwestern United States.
205 adults, ages 19-56, with children under age 13. Fifty-three percent of the subjects were female, 72% were Caucasian, 22% were Hispanic, 69% were educated beyond high school, and 80% were married.
Adults were recruited from the county's randomly selected Superior Court jury pool. Jurors were approached by a researcher and asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire.
Parents' levels of sun-protection practices for themselves and their children, skin cancer knowledge, and skin sensitivity to sun; amount of health information parents received from healthcare providers, family and friends, schools, employers, and the media; and parents' perceptions of the information's accuracy, utility, and comprehensibility.
Parents are more likely to practice skin cancer prevention for their children than themselves. Parents' own protection is positively related to protection for children. Parents who were knowledgeable about skin cancer prevention received the most information from healthcare providers and family and friends. Parents who more frequently received information from healthcare providers practiced more prevention strategies.
Parents need to improve their practices of protecting their children from the sun, particularly by limiting their sun exposure and having them wear protective clothing.
Nurses in schools, work sites, and healthcare organizations should be active in skin cancer prevention. Nurses can teach parents that children are at risk, encourage parents to teach children to protect themselves, and address barriers to prevention.
目的/目标：描述并评估父母的皮肤癌预防知识、他们自身及子女的防晒措施，以及健康信息来源的使用情况。
横断面调查。
美国西南部一个中等规模（人口70万）的大都市地区。
205名年龄在19至56岁之间、育有13岁以下子女的成年人。53%的受试者为女性，72%为白种人，22%为西班牙裔，69%接受过高中以上教育，80%已婚。
从该县随机挑选的高等法院陪审团候选人名单中招募成年人。研究人员与陪审员接触，要求他们填写一份自填式问卷。
父母自身及子女的防晒措施水平、皮肤癌知识、皮肤对阳光的敏感度；父母从医疗保健提供者、家人和朋友、学校、雇主及媒体获得的健康信息量；以及父母对这些信息的准确性、实用性和可理解性的认知。
父母对子女采取皮肤癌预防措施的可能性高于对自己。父母自身的防护与对子女的防护呈正相关。了解皮肤癌预防知识的父母从医疗保健提供者、家人和朋友那里获得的信息最多。更频繁地从医疗保健提供者那里获取信息的父母采取的预防策略更多。
父母需要改进保护子女免受阳光照射的措施，尤其是通过限制他们的日晒时间并让他们穿着防护服。
学校、工作场所和医疗保健机构的护士应积极参与皮肤癌预防工作。护士可以教导父母子女面临的风险，鼓励父母教导子女自我保护，并解决预防方面的障碍。
