Loescher L J, Hansen C, Hepworth J T, Quale L, Sligh J
College of Nursing, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
Transplant Proc. 2013 Nov;45(9):3187-9. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.09.118. Epub 2013 Jun 6.
To obtain preliminary evidence on the effect of a skin cancer prevention video for adult solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) and informational brochures on outcomes of skin cancer knowledge, beliefs, prevention and detection behaviors, and personal agency (self-confidence/personal control) for behaviors.
SOTR have a high risk of skin cancer potentiated by life-long immunosuppressive therapy posttransplantation. Skin cancer in SOTR is aggressive and difficult to treat. Prevention and early detection are important for reducing risk and improving skin cancer outcomes, but methods to inform SOTR about their risk are understudied.
A brief, evidence-based skin cancer informational video tailored to SOTR was evaluated using a quasi-experimental design that compared the outcome variables in two groups of SOTR seen in 4 transplantation clinics within 4-6 weeks posttransplantation. The video/brochure group (VBG) viewed the video once and received skin cancer information brochures. The brochure group (BG) received brochures only. Participants completed a survey on sun protection behavior (6 items; alpha = 0.75), personal agency (6 items; alpha = 0.64), beliefs (6 items; alpha = 0.60), skin cancer knowledge (6 items), and skin self-examination (SSE; 1 item) at baseline and 3 months postintervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and 2 × 2 analysis of variance.
Of 113 participants, 90 completed both surveys (VBG, n = 46; BG, n = 44). Both groups had a significant increase in sun protective behavior (P < .001), skin cancer knowledge (P < .001), beliefs (P = .003), and personal agency (P = .003). There was no effect of either intervention on SSE.
Both interventions effectively informed SOTR about skin cancer and sun protection, promoted favorable beliefs, and improved personal agency, but were not differentially effective, suggesting that the addition of the video may not be necessary or that the video may need to be viewed more than once. More in-depth SSE teaching strategies may be necessary.
获取关于一部针对成年实体器官移植受者（SOTR）的皮肤癌预防视频以及信息手册对皮肤癌知识、信念、预防与检测行为以及行为的个人能动性（自信/个人控制）等结果影响的初步证据。
SOTR因移植后终身免疫抑制治疗而患皮肤癌的风险很高。SOTR的皮肤癌具有侵袭性且难以治疗。预防和早期检测对于降低风险及改善皮肤癌预后很重要，但告知SOTR其风险的方法尚未得到充分研究。
采用准实验设计对一部为SOTR量身定制的简短、基于证据的皮肤癌信息视频进行评估，该设计比较了在移植后4至6周内于4家移植诊所就诊的两组SOTR的结果变量。视频/手册组（VBG）观看一次视频并收到皮肤癌信息手册。手册组（BG）仅收到手册。参与者在基线时以及干预后3个月完成了一项关于防晒行为（6项；α = 0.75）、个人能动性（6项；α = 0.64）、信念（6项；α = 0.60）、皮肤癌知识（6项）以及皮肤自我检查（SSE；1项）的调查。使用描述性统计和2×2方差分析对数据进行分析。
在113名参与者中，90人完成了两项调查（VBG，n = 46；BG，n = 44）。两组的防晒行为（P < .001）、皮肤癌知识（P < .001）、信念（P = .003）和个人能动性（P = .003）均有显著增加。两种干预措施对SSE均无影响。
两种干预措施均有效地让SOTR了解了皮肤癌和防晒知识，促进了积极的信念，并改善了个人能动性，但效果并无差异，这表明添加视频可能没有必要，或者视频可能需要观看不止一次。可能需要更深入的SSE教学策略。
