Waked N, Saad A, Mehanna C, Sleilaty G, Kortbaoui R
Service d'Ophtalmologie, Hôtel Dieu de France, Faculté de Médecine, Université Saint Joseph, Beyrouth, Liban.
J Fr Ophtalmol. 2007 May;30(5):497-502. doi: 10.1016/s0181-5512(07)89630-6.
To determine the prevalence, causes, and risk factors for blindness and visual impairment in the elderly population of Lebanese nursing homes, to encourage the development of an effective campaign against blindness.
Transversal study in all nursing homes in two Lebanese regions (298 residents). All respondents (89.6%) underwent a complete ocular examination. Personal and medical data were also gathered for each participant.
The prevalence of blindness (visual acuity<or=20/200 in both eyes) was 22.4% (20.3% in residents aged between 80 and 89 years old, 42.9% in patients 90 years or older). The prevalence of visual impairment (visual acuity<or=20/40 and>20/200 in the best eye) was 36%. The rate of blindness in underprivileged residents was found to be double that of the well-off residents (27% and 15%, respectively). Cataract was the leading cause of blindness, followed by age-related macular degeneration and open-angle glaucoma. At least 55% of the causes of blindness and 58% of the causes of visual impairment are potentially curable or avoidable.
Blindness and visual impairment were high among Lebanese nursing home residents. This is an unfortunate observation given that the leading ocular diseases are treatable and that good vision is essential to these residents' quality of life.
确定黎巴嫩养老院老年人群失明及视力损害的患病率、病因和危险因素，以推动开展有效的防盲运动。
对黎巴嫩两个地区的所有养老院（298名居民）进行横断面研究。所有受访者（89.6%）均接受了全面的眼部检查。还收集了每位参与者的个人和医疗数据。
失明（双眼视力≤20/200）的患病率为22.4%（80至89岁居民中为20.3%，90岁及以上患者中为42.9%）。视力损害（最佳眼视力≤20/40且＞20/200）的患病率为36%。贫困居民的失明率是富裕居民的两倍（分别为27%和15%）。白内障是失明的主要原因，其次是年龄相关性黄斑变性和开角型青光眼。至少55%的失明病因和58%的视力损害病因是潜在可治愈或可避免的。
黎巴嫩养老院居民中失明和视力损害情况严重。鉴于主要眼部疾病可治疗且良好视力对这些居民的生活质量至关重要，这是一个不幸的现象。
