Rodwell L T, Anderson S D, Seale J P
Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia 2050.
Eur Respir J. 1991 Oct;4(9):1126-34.
Asthmatic subjects were challenged with aerosols of hyper- and hypotonic saline 15 min (Group A) and 90 min (Group B) after inhaling clemastine. Measurements were made of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) before and after medication and after challenge. When the FEV1 values (% predicted) were compared on the active and placebo days they were higher 15 min after clemastine (p less than 0.05) for both challenges and higher 90 min after clemastine inhalation (p less than 0.05) for the hypertonic challenge. The % fall in FEV1 was compared after the same concentration of saline aerosol had been given on both active and placebo days. In Group A the % fall in FEV1 on the clemastine day was reduced after challenge with hypertonic (p less than 0.02) and hypotonic (p less than 0.03) aerosol. In Group B there was a reduction in the % fall in FEV1 on the clemastine day only after hypertonic challenge (p less than 0.04). The protective effect afforded by clemastine was unrelated to change in baseline lung function. We conclude that histamine is an important mediator of the airway response to non-isotonic aerosols and suggest that the aerosol route of administration may be useful for delivering antihistamines.
哮喘患者在吸入氯马斯汀后15分钟（A组）和90分钟（B组），接受高渗和低渗盐水气雾剂激发试验。在用药前、用药后以及激发试验后测量一秒用力呼气量（FEV1）。在活性药物日和安慰剂日比较FEV1值（预测值百分比）时，两种激发试验在氯马斯汀后15分钟时FEV1值均较高（p<0.05），高渗激发试验在吸入氯马斯汀后90分钟时FEV1值较高（p<0.05）。在活性药物日和安慰剂日给予相同浓度的盐雾气溶胶后，比较FEV1的下降百分比。在A组中，高渗（p<0.02）和低渗（p<0.03）气雾剂激发试验后，氯马斯汀日的FEV1下降百分比降低。在B组中，仅在高渗激发试验后，氯马斯汀日的FEV1下降百分比降低（p<0.04）。氯马斯汀提供的保护作用与基线肺功能的变化无关。我们得出结论，组胺是气道对非等渗气雾剂反应的重要介质，并表明气雾剂给药途径可能有助于递送抗组胺药。
