Lappi Hanne, Valkonen-Korhonen Minna, Georgiadis Stefanos, Tarvainen Mika P, Tarkka Ina M, Karjalainen Pasi A, Lehtonen Johannes
Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Finland.
Infant Behav Dev. 2007 Dec;30(4):546-56. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2007.04.005. Epub 2007 Jun 12.
The effects of eating on heart rate variability (HRV) differ between adults and newborns. This may reflect the impact of suckling on the overall psychophysiological and autonomic nervous system maturation. The purpose of the present study was to explore whether the reactions of HRV during feeding change towards the adult pattern during the first 6 months of life. In addition, the effects of non-nutritive and nutritive sucking on heart rate (HR) and HRV were compared. The participants were 23 infants on whom recordings were performed as newborns and at 6, 12 and 24 weeks old. Nutritive sucking caused an increase in HR and a decline in HRV. The results were consistent with previous reports of a decrease in high frequency components of HRV during feeding in newborns, reflecting a decrease in parasympathetic activity. This response was apparent in all four ages studied, and remained similar throughout the 6-month period. However, age as an independent factor seemed to influence both HR and HRV. Pacifier sucking had no significant effects on HRV at any age. The results demonstrate the physical strain that sucking imposes on the baby, with a specific autonomic nervous system response involved. We consider this response an essential part of the overall psychophysiological maturation of infants.
饮食对心率变异性（HRV）的影响在成年人和新生儿之间存在差异。这可能反映了哺乳对整体心理生理和自主神经系统成熟的影响。本研究的目的是探讨在生命的前6个月中，喂食期间HRV的反应是否会朝着成人模式变化。此外，还比较了非营养性吸吮和营养性吸吮对心率（HR）和HRV的影响。研究对象为23名婴儿，在其新生儿期以及6周、12周和24周龄时进行记录。营养性吸吮导致HR增加和HRV下降。这些结果与之前关于新生儿喂食期间HRV高频成分减少的报道一致，反映了副交感神经活动的减少。这种反应在所有四个研究年龄组中均很明显，并且在整个6个月期间保持相似。然而，年龄作为一个独立因素似乎对HR和HRV都有影响。安抚奶嘴吸吮在任何年龄对HRV均无显著影响。结果表明吸吮给婴儿带来了身体负担，并涉及特定的自主神经系统反应。我们认为这种反应是婴儿整体心理生理成熟的重要组成部分。
