Bilkei-Gorzo Andras, Rácz Ildikó, Michel Kerstin, Darvas Martin, Maldonado Raphael, Zimmer Andreas
Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Biol Psychiatry. 2008 Jan 15;63(2):164-71. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.02.010. Epub 2007 Jun 13.
Clinical studies have shown that stress is one of the main causes for relapse in abstinent smokers. In this article, we have asked whether animals with a genetic predisposition to high or low stress responsivity differ in behaviors relevant to nicotine addiction, in particular stress-induced reinstatement of drug addiction.
First, we selected animals with high, low, and average stress sensitivity from the F2 generation from an intercross of high (C57BL/6J) and low (C3H/J) emotional mouse strains. Next, these animals were trained to self-administer nicotine through a chronic intravenous catheter. After extinction of the operant behavior replacing nicotine with saline, mice were stressed with a foot shock and the reinstatement of drug-seeking behaviors was evaluated.
Mice with different stress reactivity showed no difference in the acquisition, extinction, or level of nicotine self-administration. We found an immediate reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior in high stress reactive mice, in contrast to low or average stress reactive animals, which showed no significantly increased activity at the active (nicotine-associated) sensor.
We conclude that a genetic predisposition to high stress sensitivity contributes to relapse vulnerability but not to the initiation or maintenance of nicotine consumption.
临床研究表明，压力是戒烟者复吸的主要原因之一。在本文中，我们探讨了具有高或低应激反应遗传倾向的动物在与尼古丁成瘾相关的行为上是否存在差异，特别是压力诱导的药物成瘾复吸。
首先，我们从高应激（C57BL/6J）和低应激（C3H/J）情绪小鼠品系杂交的F2代中选择高、低和平均应激敏感性的动物。接下来，通过慢性静脉导管训练这些动物自我给药尼古丁。在用生理盐水替代尼古丁使操作性行为消退后，对小鼠进行足部电击应激，并评估药物寻求行为的复吸情况。
不同应激反应性的小鼠在尼古丁自我给药的获取、消退或水平上没有差异。我们发现高应激反应性小鼠的药物寻求行为立即复吸，而低或平均应激反应性动物在活动（与尼古丁相关）传感器处的活动没有显著增加。
我们得出结论，高应激敏感性的遗传倾向会导致复吸易感性，但不会导致尼古丁消费的开始或维持。
