Webber Bruce L, Miller Rebecca E, Woodrow Ian E
School of Botany, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Phytochemistry. 2007 Aug;68(15):2068-74. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.04.038. Epub 2007 Jun 13.
Cyanogenesis, the liberation of volatile hydrogen cyanide from endogenous cyanide-containing compounds, is a proven plant defence mechanism and the particular cyanogens involved have taxonomic utility. The cyclopentenoncyanhydrin glycoside gynocardin was the only cyanogen isolated from foliar tissue of the rare Australian rainforest tree, Ryparosa kurrangii (Achariaceae). Mechanical damage simulating foliar herbivory did not induce a significant increase in the expression of cyanogenesis over a 24h period, indicating cyanogenic herbivore defence in R. kurrangii is constitutive. The cyanogenic potential of mature leaves was quantitatively polymorphic between trees in a natural population, ranging from 0.54 to 4.77 mg CN g(-1) dry wt leaf tissue.
氰化物生成，即从内源性含氰化合物中释放挥发性氰化氢，是一种已被证实的植物防御机制，所涉及的特定氰化物具有分类学用途。环戊烯腈醇糖苷银柴苦素是从澳大利亚稀有雨林树木银柴（Achariaceae科）的叶片组织中分离出的唯一氰化物。模拟叶片食草的机械损伤在24小时内并未导致氰化物生成的表达显著增加，这表明银柴的抗氰食草动物防御是组成型的。在一个自然种群中，成熟叶片的氰化潜力在不同树木之间存在数量多态性，范围为0.54至4.77毫克CN/克（-1）干重叶片组织。
