Houldin Arlene D
School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 2007 Mar;34(2):323-30. doi: 10.1188/07.ONF.323-330.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To report on a descriptive, qualitative study of 14 caregivers of patients newly diagnosed with advanced colorectal cancer.
Qualitative.
One urban ambulatory cancer center in the northeastern United States.
14 identified caregivers of patients newly diagnosed with stage III or IV colorectal cancer.
Semistructured interviews were taped recorded. Interviewers asked participants to describe their experiences caring for a loved one with colorectal cancer. Thematic content analysis with inductive coding was used to code the transcribed interview data. Throughout the data-coding process, emics in each category were compared within and between categories to maximize the fit of participants' data. Categories were reviewed in a final stage of analysis and further organized into domains from which the core category was derived.
Caregiver experiences of living with a person with colorectal cancer, effect on daily living, coping strategies used, and effect on children.
The coded interview data yielded three domains: Experiencing Total Disruption of My Life, Staying Positive, and Attempting to Keep Family and Children's Routines as Normal as Possible. The core category that explained study participants' caregiving experiences was "balancing caregiving activities and disruptions while dealing positively with daily demands and personal impact."
The dominant experiences of the participants focused on coming to terms with the disease's disruption in their lives, attempting to deal positively with the effect of the disease, and maintaining normalcy in family life.
Targeted assessment of caregivers' needs is important in the three dimensions of the study domains. Clinicians who work with caregivers of patients with cancer should offer direct support because caregivers cope with the care of their loved one and struggle with their own distress and with maintaining normal family life. Findings suggest the importance of offering psychosocial support to caregivers and providing guidance to caregivers for support of their children and families.
目的/目标：报告一项对14名新诊断为晚期结直肠癌患者的照顾者进行的描述性定性研究。
定性研究。
美国东北部的一家城市门诊癌症中心。
14名确定的新诊断为III期或IV期结直肠癌患者的照顾者。
半结构化访谈进行录音。访谈者要求参与者描述他们照顾患结直肠癌亲人的经历。采用归纳编码的主题内容分析法对转录的访谈数据进行编码。在整个数据编码过程中，对每个类别中的本位概念在类别内部和类别之间进行比较，以最大限度地拟合参与者的数据。在分析的最后阶段对类别进行审查，并进一步组织成领域，从中得出核心类别。
照顾者与结直肠癌患者共同生活的经历、对日常生活的影响、使用的应对策略以及对孩子的影响。
编码后的访谈数据产生了三个领域：经历生活的完全打乱、保持积极心态、试图使家庭和孩子的日常生活尽可能正常。解释研究参与者照顾经历的核心类别是“在积极应对日常需求和个人影响的同时，平衡照顾活动和干扰”。
参与者的主要经历集中在接受疾病对他们生活的干扰、试图积极应对疾病的影响以及维持家庭生活的正常状态。
在研究领域的三个维度中，针对性地评估照顾者的需求很重要。与癌症患者照顾者合作的临床医生应提供直接支持，因为照顾者既要照顾亲人，又要应对自身的痛苦以及维持正常的家庭生活。研究结果表明，为照顾者提供心理社会支持以及为照顾者提供支持其子女和家庭的指导很重要。
