Nahcivan Nursen O, Secginli Selda
Florence Nightingale School of Nursing, Public Health Department, Istanbul University, Turkey.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 2007 Mar;34(2):425-32. doi: 10.1188/07.ONF.425-432.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To examine health beliefs and sociodemographic and breast cancer-related variables influencing breast self-examination (BSE) practice.
Descriptive, cross-sectional.
Two vocational training centers in Istanbul, Turkey.
438 women were selected using a convenience sampling method. Participants had not had breast cancer and were not currently pregnant or breast-feeding. The mean age of participants was 33.51 years (range = 18-67).
Willing participants were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire and the Turkish version of Champion's Health Belief Model Scale. The sample was categorized into two groups: performers (i.e., women who performed BSE at least occasionally) and non-performers (i.e., women who had never performed BSE).
Perceived susceptibility to and seriousness of breast cancer, perceived benefits of and barriers to BSE, confidence in the ability to perform BSE, health motivation, and frequency of BSE practice.
Significant differences between performers and non-performers correlated to age, marital status, health insurance, regular gynecologic visits, and education about breast cancer and BSE. The mean scores of perceived benefits and confidence were noticeably higher in performers. Stepwise logistic regression analysis yielded three significant predictor variables.
Women who had more confidence in their ability to perform BSE, had health insurance, and were informed about breast cancer were more likely to practice BSE.
Women in Turkey are at great risk for advanced breast cancer and metastatic spread because of their lack of knowledge. Nurses must provide information on breast cancer etiology, risks, prevention, and detection. To promote BSE practice among Turkish women, tailored health education and health promotion programs should be developed based on a specific understanding of women's health beliefs.
目的/目标：探讨影响乳房自我检查（BSE）行为的健康信念、社会人口学因素及与乳腺癌相关的变量。
描述性横断面研究。
土耳其伊斯坦布尔的两个职业培训中心。
采用便利抽样法选取438名女性。参与者未曾患过乳腺癌，且目前未怀孕或哺乳。参与者的平均年龄为33.51岁（范围 = 18 - 67岁）。
自愿参与者被要求完成一份自填式问卷以及土耳其语版的冠军健康信念模型量表。样本被分为两组：实施者（即至少偶尔进行BSE的女性）和未实施者（即从未进行过BSE的女性）。
对乳腺癌的感知易感性和严重性、对BSE的感知益处和障碍、进行BSE的能力信心、健康动机以及BSE行为的频率。
实施者和未实施者之间在年龄、婚姻状况、健康保险、定期妇科检查以及乳腺癌和BSE相关教育方面存在显著差异。实施者的感知益处和信心平均得分明显更高。逐步逻辑回归分析得出三个显著的预测变量。
对进行BSE的能力更有信心、拥有健康保险且了解乳腺癌知识的女性更有可能进行BSE。
由于知识匮乏，土耳其女性患晚期乳腺癌和转移扩散的风险很大。护士必须提供有关乳腺癌病因、风险、预防和检测的信息。为促进土耳其女性的BSE行为，应基于对女性健康信念的具体理解制定针对性的健康教育和健康促进项目。
