Sher K J, Walitzer K S, Wood P K, Brent E E
Department of Psychology, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211.
J Abnorm Psychol. 1991 Nov;100(4):427-48. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.100.4.427.
A sample of 253 children of alcoholics (COAs) and 237 children of nonalcoholics (non-COAs) were compared on alcohol and drug use, psychopathology, cognitive ability, and personality. COAs reported more alcohol and drug problems, stronger alcohol expectancies, higher levels of behavioral undercontrol and neuroticism, and more psychiatric distress in relation to non-COAs. They also evidenced lower academic achievement and less verbal ability than non-COAs. COAs were given Diagnostic Interview Schedule alcohol diagnoses more frequently than non-COAs. The relation between paternal alcoholism and offspring alcohol involvement was mediated by behavioral undercontrol and alcohol expectancies. Although gender differences were found, there were few Gender X Family History interactions; the effects of family history of alcoholism were similar for men and women. When gender effects were found, they showed greater family history effects for women.
对253名酗酒者的子女（COAs）和237名非酗酒者的子女（非COAs）在酒精和药物使用、精神病理学、认知能力和人格方面进行了比较。与非COAs相比，COAs报告了更多的酒精和药物问题、更强的酒精预期、更高水平的行为失控和神经质，以及更多的精神痛苦。他们的学业成绩也低于非COAs，语言能力也较弱。与非COAs相比，COAs被诊断为酒精依赖的频率更高。父亲酗酒与子女酒精问题之间的关系是由行为失控和酒精预期介导的。虽然发现了性别差异，但很少有性别×家族史的相互作用；酗酒家族史对男性和女性的影响相似。当发现性别效应时，女性的家族史效应更大。
