Ali Safia M, El-Zawawy Lobna A, El-Said Doaa, Gaafar Maha R
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2007 Apr;37(1):121-33.
The present study evaluated the effect of microwave irradiation on infective larvae of Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) by the ultrastructure changes of the microwaved larvae (ML) using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The ML tested the ability to immunize mice against a challenge infection with T. spiralis. For the optimal dose and the best route of immunization inducing protection against challenge infection, two doses were used; 300 & 600 ML as one or two-dose regimen, each dose was given orally and intraperitoneally (IP). SEM revealed tegumental damage of the ML in the form of distortion, loss of normal fold pattern and depressions or papillae protruded from their outer surface. After administration of the ML (orally or IP) to the non-infected control mice, neither adults nor larvae were detected in the intestines or muscles respectively. This indicated loss of larvae infectivity after exposure to the microwave irradiation. Also, a significant protection against challenge infection with T. spiralis was demonstrated in experimental mice immunized by ML, orally or IP. This was assessed by a statistically significant decrease in adult and muscle larval count, compared with the non-immunized infected control. Complete protection against both adults and larvae (100%) was achieved by IP injection of two doses of 600 ML, two weeks apart. The results suggested the feasible application of the microwave irradiation on meat for its decontamination from T. spiralis larvae. Such a method might be a promising a prophylaxis vaccine against trichinellosis in animals and/or humans.
本研究通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察旋毛虫感染性幼虫经微波辐照后的超微结构变化，评估微波辐照对旋毛虫感染性幼虫的影响。经微波辐照的幼虫（ML）用于测试其免疫小鼠抵抗旋毛虫攻击感染的能力。为确定诱导抵抗攻击感染的最佳免疫剂量和最佳途径，使用了两种剂量；300和600个经微波辐照的幼虫，采用单剂量或双剂量方案，每种剂量分别经口和腹腔注射（IP）。扫描电子显微镜显示，经微波辐照的幼虫体表受损，表现为扭曲、正常褶皱模式丧失以及体表出现凹陷或乳头状突起。将经微波辐照的幼虫（经口或腹腔注射）给予未感染的对照小鼠后，在其肠道或肌肉中均未分别检测到成虫或幼虫。这表明经微波辐照后幼虫失去了感染性。此外，经微波辐照的幼虫经口或腹腔注射免疫的实验小鼠对旋毛虫攻击感染具有显著的保护作用。与未免疫的感染对照相比，成虫和肌肉幼虫数量的统计学显著减少证明了这一点。间隔两周腹腔注射两剂600个经微波辐照的幼虫可实现对成虫和幼虫的完全保护（100%）。结果表明，微波辐照用于肉类旋毛虫幼虫去污是可行的。这种方法可能是一种有前景的预防动物和/或人类旋毛虫病的疫苗。
