[Postoperative mortality and morbidity of patients in their late eighties].

During the 12 year period, 1978-1989, 555 operations were performed at the Department of Clinica Chirurgica III of the University of Bologna, on 530 patients greater than 80 years old at the time of surgery. These were the indications for surgical procedure in these patients: malignant neoplasm of digestive system (243), other diseases of the digestive system (111), abdominal wall hernia (74), biliary disease (77), miscellaneous (50). The purpose of this paper is to define the role of surgery in patients over 80 years old. An acute complication required an emergency operation in 295 cases (53%). In all the other cases (260, 47%) an elective operation was performed. There were 63 deaths with an operative mortality rate of 11%. Among the patients who underwent elective surgery there were 11 deaths (4%); in the emergency group there were 52 deaths (17.6%). These rates were found to be statistically significant. The overall morbidity rate was 37.6% in the elective group and 49% in the emergency group. Also these rates were found to have a statistic significance. Then we have compared morbidity and operative mortality of over-eighty years old patients with the ones of two younger groups of patients: I group (age greater than 80 years), II group (age 65-80 years), III group (age less than 65 years). Patients of the three groups had undergone identical surgical operations for the same pathology. The operative mortality was 11% in the I group, 5.2% in the II group and 1.4% in the III group. The morbidity was 46%, 30% and 17% respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)