Srivastava Anita, Kahan Meldon, Ross Sue
Center for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 2S1.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2008 Mar;34(2):215-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2007.04.001. Epub 2007 Jun 27.
There is a high prevalence of alcohol use, abuse, and dependence in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) programs. There have been reports that this may be a result of entry into methadone maintenance. Through a systematic review, this article attempts to determine whether alcohol consumption is affected during the course (from prior to treatment initiation to once on maintenance) of MMT. A literature search for publications addressing the issue of alcohol use while on MMT was conducted. Of 15 heterogeneous clinical studies that met inclusion criteria, three studies supported an increase in alcohol use, three supported a decrease in alcohol use, and nine supported no change in alcohol use. The studies varied in their methodology and in their definition of problematic alcohol use. This review found that alcohol use, although often problematic in methadone-using patients, likely does not change upon entering MMT. We recommend routine screening and treatment for problematic alcohol use in patients on MMT.
在美沙酮维持治疗（MMT）项目中，酒精使用、滥用和依赖的发生率很高。有报告称，这可能是进入美沙酮维持治疗的结果。通过系统综述，本文试图确定在MMT过程中（从治疗开始前到维持治疗阶段）酒精消费是否受到影响。针对MMT期间酒精使用问题的出版物进行了文献检索。在符合纳入标准的15项异质性临床研究中，三项研究支持酒精使用增加，三项支持酒精使用减少，九项支持酒精使用无变化。这些研究在方法和有问题酒精使用的定义上各不相同。本综述发现，酒精使用在美沙酮使用患者中虽然常常存在问题，但进入MMT后可能不会改变。我们建议对MMT患者中有问题的酒精使用进行常规筛查和治疗。
