Torchilin Vladimir P
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
AAPS J. 2007 May 11;9(2):E128-47. doi: 10.1208/aapsj0902015.
The use of various pharmaceutical nanocarriers has become one of the most important areas of nanomedicine. Ideally, such carriers should be specifically delivered (targeted) to the pathological area to provide the maximum therapeutic efficacy. Among the many potential targets for such nanocarriers, tumors have been most often investigated. This review attempts to summarize currently available information regarding targeted pharmaceutical nanocarriers for cancer therapy and imaging. Certain issues related to some popular pharmaceutical nanocarriers, such as liposomes and polymeric micelles, are addressed, as are different ways to target tumors via specific ligands and via the stimuli sensitivity of the carriers. The importance of intracellular targeting of drug- and DNA-loaded pharmaceutical nanocarriers is specifically discussed, including intracellular delivery with cell-penetrating peptides.
各种药物纳米载体的应用已成为纳米医学最重要的领域之一。理想情况下，此类载体应特异性地递送至（靶向）病理区域，以提供最大的治疗效果。在这些纳米载体的众多潜在靶点中，肿瘤是研究最为频繁的。本综述试图总结目前关于用于癌症治疗和成像的靶向药物纳米载体的可用信息。讨论了与一些常见药物纳米载体（如脂质体和聚合物胶束）相关的某些问题，以及通过特定配体和载体的刺激敏感性靶向肿瘤的不同方法。特别讨论了载药和载DNA药物纳米载体细胞内靶向的重要性，包括利用细胞穿透肽进行细胞内递送。
