Kim Jeong Hee
Department of Nursing, Medical School, Cheju National University, Korea.
Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi. 2007 Jun;37(4):529-39. doi: 10.4040/jkan.2007.37.4.529.
This quantitative meta analysis sought to determine the effectiveness of SMIs.
Forty-six experimental studies with a randomized or nonequivalent control group pre-post test design were included in the analysis. The selected studies were classified according to the sample characteristics, the types and methods of the interventions, and the types of outcome variables. Six intervention types were distinguished: cognitive-behavioral intervention(CBT), relaxation techniques(RT), exercise(EX), multimodal programs 1 and 2(MT1, 2), and organization focused interventions(OTs). Effect sizes were calculated for the 4 outcome categories across intervention types: psycho-social outcome, behavioral-personal resources, physiologic, and organizational outcome.
Individual worker-focused interventions(ITs) were more effective than OTs. A small but significant overall effect was found. A moderate effect was found for RT, and small effects were found for other ITs. The effect size for OTs was the smallest. The interventions involving CBT and RT appeared to be the preferred means of reducing worker's psycho-social and organizational outcomes. With regard to physiologic outcomes, RT appeared to be most effective. CBT appeared to be most effective in reducing psycho-social outcomes. The effects of OT were non-significant, except for the psycho-social outcomes.
SMIs are effective. Interventions involving RT and CBT are more effective than other types.
本定量荟萃分析旨在确定压力管理干预措施（SMIs）的有效性。
分析纳入了46项采用随机或非等效对照组前后测设计的实验研究。所选研究根据样本特征、干预措施的类型和方法以及结果变量的类型进行分类。区分出六种干预类型：认知行为干预（CBT）、放松技巧（RT）、运动（EX）、多模式方案1和2（MT1、2）以及组织聚焦干预（OTs）。针对六种干预类型下的四类结果计算效应量：心理社会结果、行为-个人资源、生理和组织结果。
以个体工作者为中心的干预措施（ITs）比组织聚焦干预（OTs）更有效。发现了一个虽小但显著的总体效应。放松技巧（RT）有中等效应，其他以个体工作者为中心的干预措施有小效应。组织聚焦干预（OTs）的效应量最小。涉及认知行为干预（CBT）和放松技巧（RT）的干预措施似乎是降低工作者心理社会和组织结果的首选方法。就生理结果而言，放松技巧（RT）似乎最有效。认知行为干预（CBT）在降低心理社会结果方面似乎最有效。组织聚焦干预（OTs）的效应不显著，心理社会结果除外。
压力管理干预措施（SMIs）是有效的。涉及放松技巧（RT）和认知行为干预（CBT）的干预措施比其他类型更有效。
