van der Klink J J, Blonk R W, Schene A H, van Dijk F J
Coronel Institute, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Box 22660, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Am J Public Health. 2001 Feb;91(2):270-6. doi: 10.2105/ajph.91.2.270.
This quantitative meta-analysis sought to determine the effectiveness of occupational stress-reducing interventions and the populations for which such interventions are most beneficial.
Forty-eight experimental studies (n = 3736) were included in the analysis. Four intervention types were distinguished: cognitive-behavioral interventions, relaxation techniques, multimodal programs, and organization-focused interventions.
A small but significant overall effect was found. A moderate effect was found for cognitive-behavioral interventions and multimodal interventions, and a small effect was found for relaxation techniques. The effect size for organization-focused interventions was nonsignificant. Effects were most pronounced on the following outcome categories: complaints, psychologic resources and responses, and perceived quality of work life.
Stress management interventions are effective. Cognitive-behavioral interventions are more effective than the other intervention types.
本定量荟萃分析旨在确定职业减压干预措施的有效性以及这些干预措施对哪些人群最有益。
分析纳入了48项实验研究（n = 3736）。区分了四种干预类型：认知行为干预、放松技巧、多模式方案和以组织为重点的干预。
发现了一个虽小但显著的总体效应。认知行为干预和多模式干预有中等效应，放松技巧有小效应。以组织为重点的干预的效应量不显著。在以下结果类别上效应最为明显：抱怨、心理资源与反应以及工作生活感知质量。
压力管理干预措施是有效的。认知行为干预比其他干预类型更有效。
