Benagiano G, Brosens I
First Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University la Sapienza, Roma, Italy.
Hum Reprod. 1991 Aug;6(7):963-8. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137470.
The history of endometriosis is reviewed in the light of today's clinical and pathological knowledge of this disease. Prior to Sampson's report in 1921, attention was focused on the enclosed type of endometriosis, sited deep in the pelvis and called adenomyosis externa. Sampson's first hypothesis, that rupture of an ovarian endometrioma caused superficial peritoneal endometriosis, was probably changed after this observation that the free, superficial peritoneal implants reacted like eutopic endometrium. These implants were recognized as implants from menstrual blood regurgitated into the pelvic cavity. Adenomyosis externa, ovarian endometrioma and peritoneal endometriosis then came to be regarded as the same disease. In the light of today's knowledge, it may be important to remember this progressive understanding in the nosology of what is now universally called pelvic endometriosis.
根据当今对子宫内膜异位症的临床和病理认识，对其历史进行回顾。在1921年桑普森发表报告之前，人们关注的是封闭型子宫内膜异位症，其位于盆腔深处，称为外在性子宫腺肌病。桑普森的第一个假说是，卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿破裂导致浅表性腹膜子宫内膜异位症，但在观察到游离的浅表性腹膜植入物的反应类似于在位内膜后，这一假说可能发生了变化。这些植入物被认为是经血逆流至盆腔腔所致。于是，外在性子宫腺肌病、卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿和腹膜子宫内膜异位症被视为同一种疾病。根据当今的认识，记住在现在普遍称为盆腔子宫内膜异位症的疾病分类学中这种逐步深入的理解可能很重要。
