Zhang Jing-Ping, Huang Hai-Shan, Ye Man, Zeng Hui
School of Nursing of Central South University, No.172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2008 May-Jun;46(3):335-47. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2007.05.006. Epub 2007 Jul 5.
While the majority of older persons in China live in rural areas, research on the SWB of older individuals is generally scarce in China, and is particularly lacking as regards those who reside in remote areas. The present study investigated 360 elderly individuals in an economically depressed area of Hunan, China. The results of ANOVA showed correlation between income, level of education, social support, self-rated health (SRH) and SWB. The results of the logistic regression analysis demonstrated that education, income and social support showed unique and significant effects in predicting SWB, whereas the SRH approached significance. It was further demonstrated through pathway analysis that income and SRH directly predicted SWB, whereas education did so indirectly. These results suggest that the low SWB of elderly individuals in economically depressed areas of China could be improved through some interventions addressing the economic status, health and education. More specifically, a highly structured nursing intervention is recommended, as there is an urgent need for systematic approaches to improve public health services available to the elderly in poor and remote areas of China.
虽然中国大多数老年人生活在农村地区，但在中国，关于老年人主观幸福感（SWB）的研究总体上较为匮乏，对于居住在偏远地区的老年人而言尤其如此。本研究对中国湖南一个经济欠发达地区的360名老年人进行了调查。方差分析结果显示，收入、教育水平、社会支持、自评健康状况（SRH）与主观幸福感之间存在相关性。逻辑回归分析结果表明，教育、收入和社会支持在预测主观幸福感方面显示出独特且显著的影响，而自评健康状况接近显著水平。通过路径分析进一步表明，收入和自评健康状况直接预测主观幸福感，而教育则间接预测主观幸福感。这些结果表明，通过一些针对经济状况、健康和教育的干预措施，可以改善中国经济欠发达地区老年人较低的主观幸福感。更具体地说，建议采用高度结构化的护理干预措施，因为迫切需要系统的方法来改善中国贫困和偏远地区老年人可获得的公共卫生服务。
