Jiang Tian-Jiu, Wang Da-Zhi, Niu Tao, Xu Yi-Xiao
Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
Toxicon. 2007 Oct;50(5):639-45. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.05.008. Epub 2007 Jun 3.
The dynamic transmission and transformation of paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) from the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense to the cladoceran Moina mongolica and subsequently to the larvae of the fish Sciaenops ocellatus were investigated under laboratory conditions. The results showed that PSTs could be transferred to S. ocellatus when they preyed on PST-containing M. mongolica. During the experimental period, A. tamarense, M. mongolica and the digestive glands of the fish larvae contained C(1/2) toxins, and the viscera of S. ocellatus contained neoSTX. The proportion of beta toxin (C2) in C(1+2) toxins increased when PSTs were transferred from A. tamarense to M. mongolica, but in the subsequent transfer from M. mongolica to S. ocellatus the proportion of alpha toxin (C1) increased. During depuration, the contents of C1 and C2 toxins in fish larvae decreased with the duration of depuration, but neoSTX remained relatively constant. The present results indicated that, using a cladoceran as the vector, PSTs can be transferred from toxic algae to a high trophic level fish and metabolized in the fish. Future work should address the metabolic characteristics of PSTs in cladocerans and the end result when they are transferred to fishes.
在实验室条件下，研究了麻痹性贝类毒素（PSTs）从有毒甲藻塔玛亚历山大藻向枝角类蒙古裸腹溞以及随后向鱼类美国红鱼幼体的动态传递和转化。结果表明，当美国红鱼幼体捕食含有PSTs的蒙古裸腹溞时，PSTs能够转移至美国红鱼幼体。在实验期间，塔玛亚历山大藻、蒙古裸腹溞和鱼幼体的消化腺中含有C(1/2)毒素，而美国红鱼的内脏中含有新石房蛤毒素。当PSTs从塔玛亚历山大藻转移至蒙古裸腹溞时，C(1+2)毒素中β毒素（C2）的比例增加，但在随后从蒙古裸腹溞转移至美国红鱼幼体的过程中，α毒素（C1）的比例增加。在净化过程中，鱼幼体中C1和C2毒素的含量随净化时间的延长而降低，但新石房蛤毒素含量相对保持稳定。目前的结果表明，以枝角类为载体，PSTs能够从有毒藻类转移至高营养级鱼类并在鱼体内代谢。未来的工作应关注PSTs在枝角类中的代谢特征以及转移至鱼类后的最终结果。
