Jiang Tian-Jiu, Niu Tao, Xu Yi-Xiao
Institute of Hydrobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
Toxicon. 2006 Dec 15;48(8):988-94. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2006.08.002. Epub 2006 Aug 14.
The transfer and transformation of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) from scallop Chlamys nobilis to spiny lobster Panulirus stimpsoni were investigated in the present study. The results demonstrate that transfer and transformation of PSP toxins occurred when Panulirus stimpsoni were fed with toxic viscera of Chlamys nobilis, but depurated with non-toxic squids. Additionally, only the lobster hepatopancreas were found to contain PSP, and the toxin profiles were the same with those in the viscera of the scallop, including carbamate toxins (GTX(1-3)), N-sulfocarbamoyl toxins (C(1+2) and B(1)) and decarbamoyl toxins (dcGTX(2+3)). Unlike the lobster, the scallop contained more alpha than beta toxins. After being fed with toxic Chlamys nobili for 6 d, Panulirus stimpsoni selectively accumulated N-sulfocarbamoyl toxins with low toxicity. However, when they were depurated with non-toxic squid, N-sulfocarbamoyl toxins tended to transform into carbamate toxins with higher toxicity. The concentration of dcGTX(2+3) in Panulirus stimpsoni decreased significantly and wasn't detectable after depuration for 6 d, which was likely due to their initial low accumulation of toxins. These results reveal that PSP could be transferred and transformed in Crustaceans along the given food chain under the conditions of laboratory, but there are many questions remained to be solved, and the further studies should be carried out.
本研究调查了麻痹性贝类毒素（PSP）从华贵栉孔扇贝转移至中国龙虾的过程及转化情况。结果表明，当中国龙虾摄食华贵栉孔扇贝的有毒内脏后，PSP毒素会发生转移和转化，但投喂无毒鱿鱼后可进行净化。此外，仅在龙虾肝胰腺中检测到PSP，其毒素谱与扇贝内脏中的相同，包括氨基甲酸酯类毒素（GTX(1-3)）、N-磺酰氨基甲酰类毒素（C(1+2)和B(1)）以及脱氨甲酰基毒素（dcGTX(2+3)）。与龙虾不同，扇贝中α毒素比β毒素含量更多。中国龙虾摄食有毒华贵栉孔扇贝6天后，选择性积累低毒性的N-磺酰氨基甲酰类毒素。然而，当用无毒鱿鱼进行净化时，N-磺酰氨基甲酰类毒素倾向于转化为毒性更高的氨基甲酸酯类毒素。中国龙虾体内dcGTX(2+3)的浓度显著降低，净化6天后无法检测到，这可能是由于其最初毒素积累量较低。这些结果表明，在实验室条件下，PSP可沿给定食物链在甲壳类动物中转移和转化，但仍有许多问题有待解决，需进一步开展研究。
