Sell Timothy C, Ferris Cheryl M, Abt John P, Tsai Yung-Shen, Myers Joseph B, Fu Freddie H, Lephart Scott M
Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Pittsburgh, 3200 S. Water Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15203, USA.
J Orthop Res. 2007 Dec;25(12):1589-97. doi: 10.1002/jor.20459.
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) continues to be a significant medical issue for athletes participating in sports and recreational activities. Biomechanical analyses have determined that anterior shear force is the most direct loading mechanism of the ACL and a probable component of noncontact ACL injury. The purpose of this study was to examine the biomechanical predictors of proximal tibia anterior shear force during a stop-jump task. A biomechanical and electromyographic (EMG) analysis of the knee was conducted while subjects performed a vertical stop-jump task. The task was chosen to simulate an athletic maneuver that included a landing with a sharp deceleration and a change in direction. The final regression model indicated that posterior ground reaction force, external knee flexion moment, knee flexion angle, integrated EMG activity of the vastus lateralis, and sex (female) would significantly predict proximal tibia anterior shear force (p < 0.0001, R2 = 0.8609). Knee flexion moment had the greatest influence on proximal tibia anterior shear force. The mathematical relationships elucidated in the current study support previous clinical and basic science research examining noncontact ACL injuries. This data provides important evidence for clinicians who are examining the risk factors for these injuries and developing/validating training programs to reduce the incidence of injury.
前交叉韧带（ACL）对于参与体育和娱乐活动的运动员来说仍然是一个重大的医学问题。生物力学分析已确定，前向剪切力是ACL最直接的负荷机制，也是非接触性ACL损伤的一个可能因素。本研究的目的是检查在急停跳跃任务期间胫骨近端前向剪切力的生物力学预测因素。在受试者进行垂直急停跳跃任务时，对膝关节进行了生物力学和肌电图（EMG）分析。选择该任务是为了模拟一种包含急剧减速着陆和方向改变的运动动作。最终回归模型表明，后向地面反作用力、膝关节外部屈曲力矩、膝关节屈曲角度、股外侧肌的肌电图积分活动以及性别（女性）将显著预测胫骨近端前向剪切力（p < 0.0001，R2 = 0.8609）。膝关节屈曲力矩对胫骨近端前向剪切力的影响最大。本研究中阐明的数学关系支持了先前关于非接触性ACL损伤的临床和基础科学研究。这些数据为检查这些损伤风险因素并制定/验证训练计划以降低损伤发生率的临床医生提供了重要证据。
