Wetmore S J
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 1991 Jun;24(3):505-30.
A number of different approaches can be used to expose the facial nerve. The route taken will depend on the pathology and the portion of the nerve that requires exposure. When performing a parotidectomy approach to the extratemporal portion of the facial nerve, the tragal pointer is a key landmark, but other landmarks also should be used to identify the facial nerve safely. The lateral semicircular canal, the chorda tympani nerve, the digastric ridge, and the cochleariform process are some of the useful landmarks in the mastoid and middle ear. When performing a middle fossa approach, the superior semicircular canal, the greater petrosal nerve, and a window through the tegmen tympani into the attic are useful guideposts. The surgeon should use as many of the available landmarks as feasible to perform safe facial nerve surgery.
可以采用多种不同方法来暴露面神经。所采用的路径将取决于病变情况以及需要暴露的神经部分。在对颞骨外段面神经进行腮腺切除术时，外耳道软骨指针是关键标志，但也应使用其他标志来安全地识别面神经。外侧半规管、鼓索神经、二腹肌嵴和匙突是乳突和中耳的一些有用标志。在进行中颅窝手术时，上半规管、岩大神经以及通过鼓室盖进入上鼓室的窗口是有用的引导标志。外科医生应尽可能多地使用可用标志来进行安全的面神经手术。
