Kline Kimberly, Lawson Karla A, Yu Weiping, Sanders Bob G
Division of Nutrition, University of Texas at Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
Vitam Horm. 2007;76:435-61. doi: 10.1016/S0083-6729(07)76017-X.
Perhaps not surprisingly, vitamin E which has been touted to be potentially beneficial for a variety of disorders, including cancer, heart disease, and even Alzheimer's disorder, based on its function as an antioxidant has failed to withstand the scrutiny of recent, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trials, including failure to provide science-based support for vitamin E as a potent anticancer agent. Although less studied, vitamin E forms other than RRR-alpha-tocopherol or synthetic all-rac-alpha-tocopherol show promise as anticancer agents in preclinical studies. This chapter will (1) review basic information about natural and synthetic vitamin E compounds as well as vitamin E analogues, (2) summarize the current status of human intervention trials, (3) review data from preclinical cell culture and animal model studies of vitamin E compounds and novel vitamin E-based analogues in regards to future potential for cancer treatment, and (4) summarize some of the insights that have been gained into the anticancer mechanisms of action of vitamin E-based compounds which are providing interesting insights into their potent proapoptotic effects, which include restoration of apoptotic signaling pathways and blockage of prosurvival signaling events.
也许并不奇怪，基于其抗氧化功能，一直被吹捧对包括癌症、心脏病甚至阿尔茨海默病在内的多种疾病可能有益的维生素E，未能经受住近期双盲、安慰剂对照临床试验的严格审查，包括未能为维生素E作为一种有效的抗癌剂提供科学依据。虽然研究较少，但除RRR-α-生育酚或合成消旋-α-生育酚之外的维生素E形式在临床前研究中显示出作为抗癌剂的前景。本章将：（1）回顾有关天然和合成维生素E化合物以及维生素E类似物的基本信息；（2）总结人体干预试验的现状；（3）回顾维生素E化合物和新型维生素E类似物在临床前细胞培养和动物模型研究中关于癌症治疗未来潜力的数据；（4）总结在基于维生素E的化合物的抗癌作用机制方面所获得的一些见解，这些见解为其强大的促凋亡作用提供了有趣的线索，包括恢复凋亡信号通路和阻断促生存信号事件。
