Hupe Oliver, Ankerhold Ulrike
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
Eur J Radiol. 2007 Aug;63(2):237-41. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2007.04.029. Epub 2007 Jul 12.
After the security related occurrences in the past few years, there is an increasing need for airport security and border controls. In the combat against terror and smuggling, X-rays are used for the screening of persons and vehicles. The exposure of humans to ionising radiation raises the question of justification. To solve this question, reliable and traceable dose values are needed. A research project of the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety was initiated. Its task is to measure the ambient dose equivalent, H*(10), and the personal dose equivalent, H(p)(10), for typical types of personnel and vehicle X-ray scanners, using the transmission and/or backscatter method. In the following, the measuring quantities which are to be used for these investigations will be discussed and the measuring instruments will be presented. Furthermore, the experimental set-up is described. For the personnel X-ray scanners investigated, the obtained dose values are in the range from 0.07 to 6 microSv. These values will be compared to the dose values of the natural environmental radiation and some exposures in the field of medicine.
在过去几年发生与安全相关的事件之后，机场安全和边境管控的需求日益增加。在反恐和打击走私行动中，X射线被用于人员和车辆的安检。人类暴露于电离辐射引发了正当性问题。为解决这一问题，需要可靠且可追溯的剂量值。德国联邦环境、自然保护与核安全部启动了一个研究项目。其任务是使用透射和/或反向散射方法，测量典型人员和车辆X射线扫描仪的周围剂量当量H*(10)以及个人剂量当量H(p)(10)。以下将讨论用于这些调查的测量量，并介绍测量仪器。此外，还描述了实验装置。对于所研究的人员X射线扫描仪，获得的剂量值范围为0.07至6微希沃特。这些值将与自然环境辐射的剂量值以及医学领域的一些照射剂量进行比较。
