Hupe O, Ankerhold U
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2006;121(4):429-37. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncl047. Epub 2006 May 12.
In the past few years, imaging technology using ionising radiation has been gaining in importance for the screening of goods and persons for security reasons and in order to detect contraband. For radiation protection purposes it is extremely important to know that dose persons are exposed to when passing through a personnel scanner or, as a stowaway, in a cargo scanner, so as to remain within the prescribed dose limits. Within the scope of a research project, measurements were performed on different types of personnel X-ray scanners as well as cargo X-ray scanners, using the transmission and/or the backscattering method. All scanners investigated operate with a high dose rate and use short irradiation time. Owing to this method of scanning reliable values can only be determined for the personal and ambient dose equivalents, H(p)(10) and H(*)(10), by using a specially developed measuring system. The aim of this project was to determine the range of magnitudes of doses for representative personnel and cargo X-ray scanner systems. Depending on the type of scanner, the determined dose values for personnel scanners range from 0.07 microSv to 6 microSv. Measurements and instruments used in this study are described and the dose values obtained are discussed in detail.
在过去几年中，出于安全原因以及检测违禁品的目的，使用电离辐射的成像技术在货物和人员筛查方面变得越来越重要。为了辐射防护，了解人员通过人员扫描仪时，或者作为偷渡者在货物扫描仪中所接受的剂量非常重要，这样才能保持在规定的剂量限值内。在一个研究项目中，使用透射和/或反向散射方法，对不同类型的人员X射线扫描仪以及货物X射线扫描仪进行了测量。所有被研究的扫描仪都以高剂量率运行，并使用短照射时间。由于这种扫描方式，只有通过使用专门开发的测量系统，才能确定个人剂量当量H(p)(10)和环境剂量当量H(*)(10)的可靠值。该项目的目的是确定代表性人员和货物X射线扫描仪系统的剂量量级范围。根据扫描仪的类型，人员扫描仪的测量剂量值范围为0.07微希沃特至6微希沃特。本文描述了本研究中使用的测量方法和仪器，并详细讨论了获得的剂量值。
