Behera B C, Verma Neeraj, Sonone Anjali, Makhija Urmila
Plant Science Division, Agharkar Research Institute, G. G. Agarkar Road, Pune-411004, India.
Phytother Res. 2007 Dec;21(12):1159-70. doi: 10.1002/ptr.2228.
Lichen species Usnea ghattensis, Heterodermia podocarpa, Arthothelium awasthii and Parmotrema tinctorum have been cultured in vitro and screened for their antioxidant, antimicrobial and antityrosinase potential using different assay systems. The methanol extract of lichens showed antioxidant, antimicrobial and antityrosinase activities according to the order Usnea ghattensis > Arthothelium awasthii > Heterodermia podocarpa > Parmotrema tinctorum. The IC(50) values for the antioxidant and antityrosinase activities of U. ghattensis and A. awasthii were less than or equivalent to that of standard antioxidants and tyrosinase inhibitors. The methanol extracts of the lichen cultures Usnea ghattensis and Arthothelium awasthii were effective against Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract was found to be between 5 and 10 microg extract/mL. The results suggested that the extract of lichen cultures, U. ghattensis and A. awasthii, could be of use as an easily accessible source of natural antioxidants, tyrosinase inhibitory and antimicrobial properties as possible food supplements or in the pharmaceutical industry.
地衣物种加特地衣松萝、柄果异皮地衣、阿瓦斯蒂节片衣和染色帕氏地卷已在体外培养，并使用不同的检测系统筛选了它们的抗氧化、抗菌和抗酪氨酸酶潜力。地衣的甲醇提取物表现出抗氧化、抗菌和抗酪氨酸酶活性，其活性顺序为加特地衣松萝>阿瓦斯蒂节片衣>柄果异皮地衣>染色帕氏地卷。加特地衣松萝和阿瓦斯蒂节片衣的抗氧化和抗酪氨酸酶活性的IC(50)值小于或等同于标准抗氧化剂和酪氨酸酶抑制剂的IC(50)值。地衣培养物加特地衣松萝和阿瓦斯蒂节片衣的甲醇提取物对芽孢杆菌、巨大芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌有效。提取物的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）为5至10微克提取物/毫升。结果表明，地衣培养物加特地衣松萝和阿瓦斯蒂节片衣的提取物可作为天然抗氧化剂、酪氨酸酶抑制剂和抗菌特性的易于获取的来源，可能用作食品补充剂或用于制药行业。
