Beyers Wim, Goossens Luc
Department of Developmental, Personality, and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
J Adolesc. 2008 Apr;31(2):165-84. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2007.04.003. Epub 2007 Jul 16.
Identity formation is a dynamic process of person-context interactions, and part of this context are parents, even in late adolescence. Several theories on parent-adolescent relationships share the idea that parents influence the process of identity formation. However, up to now, empirical evidence, particularly longitudinal evidence for this link is limited. Therefore, this study aims to examine short-term changes in parenting and identity formation during late adolescence and to test the transactional process involved. Moreover, we focused on gender differences. Late adolescents were measured twice with a 1-year interval. Analyses using latent change models largely showed that parenting predicted the explorative phases of identity formation (i.e., exploration in breadth and commitment making), while evaluative phases of identity formation (i.e., exploration in depth and commitment identification) predicted more supportive parenting. Gender differences emerged, with respect to both parents' and adolescents' gender. These results clearly show that parenting and identity formation are dynamically interlinked, and underscore that parents keep being an important source of socialization for their developing children, even in late adolescence.
身份认同形成是一个人与环境相互作用的动态过程，即使在青少年晚期，父母也是这一环境的一部分。关于亲子关系的几种理论都认为父母会影响身份认同形成的过程。然而，到目前为止，这一联系的实证证据，尤其是纵向证据有限。因此，本研究旨在考察青少年晚期养育方式和身份认同形成的短期变化，并检验其中涉及的交互过程。此外，我们关注了性别差异。对青少年晚期的参与者进行了为期一年的两次测量。使用潜在变化模型的分析结果大体上表明，养育方式能够预测身份认同形成的探索阶段（即广度探索和做出承诺），而身份认同形成的评价阶段（即深度探索和确定承诺）则能预测更具支持性的养育方式。在父母和青少年的性别方面均出现了性别差异。这些结果清楚地表明，养育方式和身份认同形成是动态相互关联的，并强调即使在青少年晚期，父母仍是其正在成长的孩子重要的社会化来源。
