Henszel Łukasz, Kuźna-Grygiel Wanda
Katedra i Zakład Biologii i Parazytologii Medycznej Pomorskiej Akademii Medycznej, Szczecin.
Ann Acad Med Stetin. 2006;52(2):123-7.
One of the more important etiological factors of allergies are mites occuring in the closest vicinity of humans, i.e. in the house dust and in the stored foodstuffs. The most important are the species representing the families: Pyroglyphidae (mainly Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, D. farinae, and Euroglyphus maynei), Glycyphagidae (e.g. Lepidoglyphus destructor, Blomia sp.), and Acaridae (e.g. Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Acarus siro). Mites shed an abundance of allergenic proteins. Particularly abundant in allergens are the extracts of mite faeces as well as the extracts of their purified bodies or culture substrate. In humans the may inflict atopic allergies (respiratory and dermal), such as bronchial asthma, rhinitis, or atopic eczema. It has been estimated that some 5% of the human population is sensitive to dust mites allergens.
过敏症的一个更重要的病因是在人类最接近的环境中出现的螨虫，即在室内灰尘和储存的食品中。最重要的是属于以下科的物种：粉螨科（主要是屋尘螨、粉尘螨和梅氏嗜霉螨）、嗜卷叶螨科（如腐食酪螨、柏氏禽刺螨）和粉螨科（如腐食酪螨、粗脚粉螨）。螨虫会释放大量的致敏蛋白。螨粪提取物以及其纯化身体或培养底物的提取物中的过敏原尤其丰富。在人类中，它们可能引发特应性过敏（呼吸道和皮肤过敏），如支气管哮喘、鼻炎或特应性皮炎。据估计，约5%的人类对尘螨过敏原敏感。
